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Among Us[d] is a 2018 online multiplayer social deduction game developed and published by American game studio Innersloth. It was released on iOS and Android devices in June 2018 and on Windows in November 2018, featuring cross-platform play between these platforms. The game was also ported for the Nintendo Switch in December 2020, and has planned releases for the Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 in 2021. The game was inspired by the party game Mafia and the science fiction horror film The Thing, and since the release of its first map, The Skeld, three other maps were added, those being MIRA HQ, Polus and The Airship. The Airship's design is based on Infiltrating the Airship, the fourth entry in the Henry Stickmin series, another video game made by Innersloth.
The game takes place in a space-themed setting, in which players each take on one of two roles, most being Crewmates, and a predetermined number being Impostors.[e] The goal of the Crewmates are to identify the Impostors, eliminate them, and complete tasks around the map; the Impostors' goal is to covertly sabotage and kill the Crewmates before they complete all of their tasks. Players suspected to be Impostors may be eliminated via a plurality vote, which any player may initiate by calling an emergency meeting (except during a crisis) or reporting a dead body. Crewmates win if all Impostors are ejected or all tasks are completed, whereas Impostors win if there is an equal number of Impostors and Crewmates, or if a critical sabotage goes unresolved.
While the game was initially released in 2018 to little mainstream attention, it received a massive influx of popularity in 2020 due to many well-known Twitch streamers and YouTubers playing it. The COVID-19 pandemic has also been credited to the growth of the game. The game received positive reviews from critics, being praised for its gameplay and setting, although it was criticized for its technical issues. In response to the game's popularity, Among Us 2 was announced in August 2020. However, the planned sequel was canceled a month later, and the team shifted its focus to improving the original game. Merchandise based on the game, such as toys, shirts, etc., were announced and released. Among Us has also inspired internet memes and achieved a very large following online.
Contents
1 Gameplay
2 Development and release
2.1 Early development
2.2 Popularity
2.2.1 Initial spike in popularity
2.2.2 Continued popularity
2.3 Canceled sequel and ongoing updates
2.4 Console releases
2.5 October 2020 and January 2021 hacks
3 Reception
3.1 Sales
3.2 Awards
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Gameplay
A white-suited astronaut named "Buddy" (the player) stands in front of an unnamed blue-suited corpse. The room they are in is labeled "Admin". In the hallway, slightly obscured by the sight line mechanic, is a pink-suited astronaut named "Chum". In the upper-left corner of the player's screen, there is a fake list of tasks as well as the player's goal: to kill all Crewmates. The player also has the option to Use, Report, Sabotage, and Kill. As the player has just killed, the button is on cooldown and faded.
An Impostor (white) has killed a Crewmate (blue), with another player (pink) having witnessed their death. Because of the game's vision mechanic, the pink player is partially obscured.
Among Us is a multiplayer game for four to ten players. Up to three players are randomly[9] chosen to be the impostor(s) each round. A round can take place on one of four maps: a spaceship called "The Skeld"; a headquarters building called "MIRA HQ"; a planet base called "Polus";[10] or "The Airship", which is based on InnerSloth's Henry Stickmin series.[11][12]
At the start of the game, Crewmates are assigned "tasks" to complete around the map in the form of minigames, consisting of maintenance work on vital systems such as fixing wires and downloading data.[13] Impostors are given a fake list of tasks to blend in with Crewmates. However, they cannot legitimately perform tasks. Impostors can sabotage vital systems (such as the ship's oxygen supply), covertly travel through vents, and work with other Impostors to kill Crewmates. If a player dies, they become a ghost. Ghosts can pass through walls, spectate other players, and chat with other ghosts.[14] Living players have a limited cone of vision,[15] but ghosts do not have this limitation.[16]
Ghosts help their living teammates by completing their tasks (as a Crewmate) or performing sabotages (as an Impostor).[10] The Impostors win when they kill enough Crewmates to be equal in number, or when the Crewmates fail to resolve a major sabotage.[14] The Crewmates win by completing all tasks, or by identifying and ejecting all Impostors.[10] Games can also end by players quitting the match if doing so fulfills any win condition (if a crewmate quits the game, their tasks are automatically considered completed).[17][18]
To help the Crewmates identify Impostors, there are various surveillance systems on each map, such as security cameras system on The Skeld,[19] a doorlog in MIRA HQ,[20] and a vitals indicator in Polus.[10] Crewmates may also confirm their identity through visual tasks, which cannot be faked by Impostors.[21] Any living player may call a group meeting by reporting a dead body, or by pressing the Emergency Meeting button at any time (except during major sabotages, when Emergency Meetings cannot be called, but dead bodies can still be reported).[14][22][23]
During a meeting, players discuss who they believe is an Impostor based on the available evidence. A plurality vote is held, and the chosen player is ejected from the map and they become a ghost.[13][14] Players can communicate in a text chat,[13] but only during meetings, and only if they are alive (though ghosts can speak with one another at any time).[10][14][15] While the game does not have a built-in voice chat system, it is common for players to use external programs such as Discord.[24][25][26]
In each game's lobby, various options can be adjusted to customize aspects of gameplay, such as player movement speed, the allowed number of emergency meetings, number of tasks, if there will be visual tasks,[27] or whether or not an impostor is revealed after being voted off.[28] There are also many cosmetic options, including spacesuit colors, skins, hats, and pets,[29][30] some of which are paid downloadable content.[f][2][5][15]
Development and release
Early development
Among Us timeline
2018 iOS/Android release
Windows 10 Release
2019 "MIRA HQ" release
"Polus" release
2020 macOS release
Nintendo Switch release
2021 PC Xbox Game Pass release
"The Airship" release
Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 release
Among Us was inspired by the live party game Mafia,[2][32] and science fiction horror film The Thing.[33] The idea for the concept was originally given by Marcus Bromander, co-founder of Innersloth, who had played Mafia since he was a kid. In the original game, function cards were dealt and players wandered around a house, aimlessly, while another person secretly killed the players, drawing a finger around their neck. Most of its mechanics were still present in Among Us, but the team wanted to "alleviate the need to create an interesting home model and have someone wandering around in a boring environment". So, they decided that the game would be space themed and also added tasks, which, according to Forest Willard, programmer at Innersloth, "changed several times during development".[33][34]
Development began in November 2017.[34] The game was initially intended to be a mobile-only local multiplayer game with a single map.[35] Bromander paused development on Innersloth's other game, The Henry Stickmin Collection, in order to build Among Us' first map, The Skeld.[36] When they began developing the first map, they intended that the ship was always in crisis and that the Impostors could do tasks. However, they found this setup "stressful" and decided that it "[wouldn't leave] much time for detective work and informed meeting conversations".[33][34] Willard described playtesting as painful and frustrating, as the game would break down during sessions forcing him to send playtesters new builds off of Google Play. The team tested the game with 8 of their friends and never tested the game with 9 or the maximum of 10 players.[36] The game was developed using the Unity engine.[37]
The game was released in June 2018 to Android and iOS under the AppID of "spacemafia".[2][38] Shortly after release, Among Us had an average player count of 30 to 50 concurrent players.[27] Bromander blamed the game's poor release on Innersloth being "really bad at marketing".[35] The team nearly abandoned the project multiple times, but continued work on it due to a "small but vocal player base",[39] adding in online multiplayer, new tasks, and customization options.[39] The game was released on Steam on November 16, 2018.[35][40] Cross-platform play was supported upon release of the Steam version.[41][42] Originally, the game had no audio to avoid revealing hidden information in a local setting,[g] and Willard mixed sounds from numerous sound packs to compose the SFX during the game's Steam release.[36]
On August 8, 2019, Innersloth released a second map, MIRA HQ,[43][44] a "tightly packed headquarters roughly the size of The Skeld." A third map, Polus, was added on November 12, 2019 and is set in a research station.[43][45] The fourth map, the Airship, was released on March 31, 2021 and is based on a location in the Henry Stickmin universe.[11][12] MIRA HQ and Polus originally cost players US$4 via in-app purchase. Their prices were reduced to US$2 on January 6, 2020, then made free on June 11, 2020.[46] While the map packs are still available for purchase on all platforms, they now only provide the player the skins that were bundled with the maps.[47]
According to programmer Forest Willard, the team "stuck with [the game] a lot longer than we probably should have from a pure business standpoint", putting out regular updates to the game as often as once per week. This led to a steady increase in players, causing the game's player base to snowball. Bromander attributed this to the studio having enough savings to keep working on the game even while it was not selling particularly well.[35]
Popularity
Initial spike in popularity
Sodapoppin in a purple Twitch hoodie
Twitch streamer Sodapoppin, credited with popularizing Among Us on Twitch
While Among Us released in 2018, it was not until mid-2020 that it saw a surge of popularity, initially driven by content creators online in South Korea and Brazil. Bromander stated that the game is more popular in Mexico, Brazil, and South Korea than the United States.[35][2] According to Willard, Twitch streamer Sodapoppin first popularized the game on Twitch in July 2020.[35] Many other Twitch streamers and YouTubers followed suit, including prominent content creators xQc, Pokimane, Shroud, Ninja, and PewDiePie.[48][49][32]
The COVID-19 pandemic was frequently cited as a reason for the popularity of Among Us, as it allowed for socializing despite social distancing.[35][14][50][51][52][53][43] Emma Kent of Eurogamer believed that the release of Innersloth's The Henry Stickmin Collection also contributed to awareness of Among Us,[48] and PC Gamer's Wes Fenlon credited Twitch streamer SR_Kaif for "prim[ing] Among Us for its big moment." Fenlon also praised Among Us for improvements over other popular tabletop games that had been inspired by Mafia, such as Secret Hitler. He said other video game adaptation of Mafia such as Town of Salem and Werewolves Within were "just add[ing] an online interface for the basic Werewolf rules," whereas Among Us is as an entirely new take on the concept.[32] Along with Fall Guys and the Jackbox Party Packs, Among Us provided a narrative-less experience that helped to avoid the "cultural trauma" of the pandemic, according to M.J. Lewis of Wired.[54]
Continued popularity
The game's popularity continued into the following months. YouTube reported that videos about Among Us were viewed 4 billion times in September 2020,[55] and TikTok videos related to Among Us had over 13 billion views in October 2020.[56] YouTuber CG5 wrote a song based on the game in September 2020, titled "Show Yourself", and gained over 60 million views in 4 months.[57] In September 2020, the game exceeded 100 million downloads[32] and its player count rose to 1.5 million concurrent players[1][58] (nearly 400 thousand of which were on Steam),[43] then peaked at 3.8 million in late September.[59] The sudden increase in players overloaded the game's server, which according to Willard was "a totally free Amazon server, and it was terrible." This forced him to work quickly, under crunch time, to resolve these issues.[39]
In August, Innersloth opened an online store for Among Us themed merchandise.[5][27] The game's popularity inspired many original songs, fanarts and internet memes,[19][22][39][60] Willard expressed that fan-created content "really is the best part" of making Among Us, and Bromander called it "my favorite thing to see".[39] The game popularized the slang word "sus" (meaning "suspicious or suspect"),[61][62][63][64] which had been used as a slang term before the game's release.[65]
During its time of widespread popularity, Among Us was controversially played by the U.S. Navy Esports team, in which players on the stream used in-game names referencing the N-word and the bombing of Nagasaki. The stream was deemed "offensive" and "intolerable" by some viewers.[66] In October 2020, U.S. Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ilhan Omar streamed the game alongside several other prominent streamers such as Pokimane and Hasan Piker as a way to encourage people to vote in the 2020 United States presidential election, drawing almost 700,000 concurrent viewers on Twitch.[67][68][69][70]
The game also received several mods made by the community, which added new roles, game modes, cosmetics, etc.[71] Among Us was also featured in Twitch Rivals 2020, an online gaming tournament which was held on December 4, 2020.[72] During the event, players were able to receive an exclusive pet called "Glitch Pet", which is the Twitch logo.[73]
Canceled sequel and ongoing updates
In August 2020, the team shifted focus onto a sequel, Among Us 2.[4][5][6][7] During this time, Forest Willard and Amy Liu continued to update Among Us, increasing the maximum player base, adding four servers and three regions,[74] and implementing longer multiplayer codes to support more concurrent games.[75] On September 23, 2020, the team canceled the sequel, instead opting to add all content intended for the sequel to the original Among Us, due to "how many people [were] enjoying [the original game]".[76][48][77] However, Innersloth deemed the game's codebase "outdated and not built to support adding so much new content", so the team made plans to rework the game's core code to enable adding new features.[77]
The team subsequently announced their plans to fix the game's server issues and widespread cheating problem,[78][79][80] as well as add a system for banning disruptive players.[81] In October 2020, colorblind support for the "wires" task was added to the Among Us beta on Steam, as well as some previously unannounced lobby customization options.[82][83] As-of-yet unimplemented features include improving gameplay for ghosts,[84] adding customizable controls,[85] a friends system, and more player colors.[76][48][77][81] They also announced an update to the game's art style, lobby support for 15 players, new six colors, and a new meeting screen.[12][86][87]
In mid-February 2021, the game added a feature called Quickchat, which replaces the standard chat interface with a series of preset phrases that players must pick from. Players under the age of 13 are required to use Quickchat, but those over 13 are also allowed to use Free Chat, which allows them to type original messages.[88][89]
First announced at The Game Awards 2020, the Airship map was released on March 31, 2021.[11][12] The Airship features multiple floors, contraptions, tasks, and "more."[90][91] In addition, Game Awards presenter Geoff Keighley's face was added as a skin. The map itself is based upon the Henry Stickmin's Toppat Clan Airship.[92] Innersloth also stated that the map would be free to all players.[93][12] It also features a skin bundle that includes Henry Stickmin-themed cosmetic that can be bought on Steam.[12]
The accounts system was implemented along with the update, and it allows players to report players that are not following Innersloth' Code of Conduct in order to make the game a welcoming and respectful place. Punishment ranges from temporary to a permanent ban. They also stated that reports would be viewed manually and not by bots, that account creations would be required if players want to use Free Chat or to customize their nicknames, and that people under the age of 13 would need their parents' permission to create an account. A friends system and the ability to link to multiple accounts would be added somewhere in the future.[94][95]
Innersloth later revealed on the game's official Twitter account a new color to the game, rose, which will be included in the game's next update along with more five colors, which will be revealed more during Summer Game Fest on June 10, 2021.[96]
Console releases
Amid its popularity, Innersloth considered releasing the game to PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles, but encountered a problem in implementing player communication, since standard text-based or voice-based chat seemed unusable. They considered a system similar to the "quick comms" system from Rocket League, as well as the possibility of developing an entirely new communication system for the game.[24][25] Versions of the game for Xbox consoles were later announced.[97]
Among Us was released for the Nintendo Switch on December 15, 2020, the same day it was announced during Nintendo Direct Indie World showcase. The Switch version supports cross-platform play with the mobile and Windows versions.[98] This port was published by Play EveryWare.[99] Upon release, the Switch version had an exploit to access The Airship prior to its official release in early 2021.[100] The exploit was fixed two days after release in the Switch version's first update.[101][102] Currently, all the game's downloadable content is unavailable on Switch, although the team stated that it will be added in some point.[103]
On the same date as the announcement of The Airship, it was announced that Among Us will be available in Xbox Game Pass for PC at "some point in the not-too-distant future," as quoted from Shacknews.[104] The game is also planned for release on Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S in 2021.[105] During the Xbox Indie Showcase, it was announced that it would include the new "Airship" map.[106] Innersloth stated that as the game is coming to other consoles, it is facing several approval processes.[99] Releases of Among Us for the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5, supporting cross-platform play with existing versions, were announced in April 2021 with an unspecified released date; players on these consoles will get an exclusive Ratchet & Clank cosmetic.[107]
October 2020 and January 2021 hacks
In mid-October 2020, a hacker known as "Eris Loris" began targeting mainly North American servers. Several players on the Among Us subreddit and Twitter reported this player hacking their lobbies and spamming in-game chat with promotions for his YouTube channel, links to his Discord server, and controversial political messages.[108] Eris Loris also threatened to personally hack players that refused to subscribe to his YouTube channel. The Discord server has been found to contain large amounts of offensive content, such as racist language, gore, pornography and images depicting animal abuse.[109]
A Eurogamer report from October 23, 2020, features an interview with a person claiming to be Eris Loris, conducted via the Discord server from one of the links provided in the hacked games. In the interview, Loris claims he created the bot responsible for the hacks "in only six hours", and had enlisted up to 50 volunteers to form a botnet which boosted the strength of their attacks. Loris claimed that the hack impacted 4.9 million players in 1.5 million games. He also added that the hacks were part of a publicity stunt to influence players to vote for Donald Trump in the 2020 United States presidential election.[109]
Innersloth added an in-game message warning players about the hacks on October 22,[109] and released a statement on Twitter the next day. They said they were "super aware" of the hacking issue, and stated that an "emergency server update" would be pushed out to combat the hacks. They encouraged players to stick to private games and to avoid playing on public ones until the update was released.[110] The team plans to address the hacking vulnerabilities as part of a planned overhaul for the game.[78][79][80]
At the end of January 2021, players reported on Twitter the return of Eris Loris' hack attack, which is now distributing Among Us hacks and cheats.[111]
Reception
Reception
Aggregate score
Aggregator Score
Metacritic PC: 85/100[112]
Switch: 79/100[113]
Review scores
Publication Score
4Players 68/100[114]
Game Informer 8/10[115]
IGN 9/10[117]
Jeuxvideo.com 14/20[116]
Nintendo Life 8/10[118]
Among Us was well received by critics. On the aggregator website Metacritic, the PC port received a 85 of 100 score based on 9 critic reviews, while the Nintendo Switch version received a 79 of 100 score based on 8 critic reviews, both them indicating "generally favorable reviews".[112][113] It was also considered as one of the "Best PC Games for 2018", being ranked 17th, and as the "#38 Best Discussed PC Game of 2018".[119][120] Since December 2020, IGN considered it as one of 2020's best reviewed games so far.[121]
Elliott Osange of Bonus Stage considered that the game is "silly fun", but felt that is more fun "to be an Impostor".[122] Craig Pearson of Rock, Paper, Shotgun had the same opinion, found playing as an Impostor "a lot more fun" than playing as a Crewmate, which he called "exhausting".[13] In reference to the game's popularity among streamers, Evelyn Lau of The National said: "Watching the reactions of people trying to guess who the impostor is (and sometimes getting it very wrong) or lying terribly about not being the impostor is all quite entertaining."[14] Alice O'Conner of Rock, Paper, Shotgun described the game as "Mafia or Werewolf but with minigames".[123] Andrew Penney of TheGamer said the game was "worth it for the price" and that "who you play with dictates how fun the game is."[15] L'avis de Tiraxa of Jeuxvideo.com praised the game's Freeplay mode, which offers newer players "to browse the map alone to accomodatte the places", as they would need to play several games in order to "perfect their strategies".[116]
Leana Hafer from IGN stated in her verdict on the game: "I don't have any sus that this will be the last game of its breed to make a splash, since we’re already seeing its influence on even mega-games like Fortnite". As a negative point, she pointed out some technical problems, such as the difficulty of finding rooms that aren't already full or are a long way from getting there. She also lamented the lack of "mechanic to punish players who rage-quit when they don't get to play as impostor, or are caught dead to rights in the middle of a murder".[117] Tiraxa of Jeuxvideo.com was more critical to the game, which lamented the lack of an incremented voice chat into the game, the server bugs, which "[prevents] some from joining the party, in a totally unexplained way", the public servers with strangers, as she considered it "less entertaining" than private servers with friends, and the large development progress, considering that the game has a "bit of a way to go before it reaches its full potential".[116] The mobile version of the game, although being free-to-play, was criticized. Osange of Bonus Stage called the presence of ads and in-app purchases of cosmetic changes that are mostly available for free on the PC version "nonsense". He also called the PC version "stable" but also stated that the Android version is "a device-by-device situation".[122]
The Nintendo Switch version received some criticism. William Antonieli of Insider said that the Switch controls give "many tasks a satisfying game response". However, he also stated that most of the tasks could be "done quickly with the Switch's touchscreen control", which can only be used when the console is in handheld mode. He noted that many of the game's tasks are difficult to complete using a gamepad, which is required when the console is connected to a larger screen, and considered this version "inferior" to the PC and mobile versions.[124] He also stated that the communication system is "frustrating", as using the joystick to select letters is "slow", and said the fact that the game has support for multiplayer across multiple platforms gives Switch players "immediate disadvantage".[124] PJ O'Reilly of Nintendo Life noted that the Switch lacked much of the additional content available on other platforms, such as skins, which he called a "shame".[118]
Among Us has been frequently compared to Fall Guys, as both became popular as party games during the COVID-19 pandemic;[35][26][85] the developers of both games have positively acknowledged each other on Twitter.[125][126] Comparisons have also been drawn between the two games' avatars, which have been said to look like jelly beans.[127][128] Among Us has also been compared to The Thing,[22][129] Town of Salem,[32][129] Werewolves Within,[32] and Secret Hitler.[32]
Sales
As of September 2020, Steam Spy estimated that the game had more than 10 million owners on Steam.[130] The Associated Press noted the game was the most downloaded app on the iOS App Store for both iPhones and iPads in October 2020.[131] According to SuperData Research, the game had roughly 500 million players worldwide as of November 2020, with the free-to-play mobile version accounting for 97% of players and the buy-to-play PC version accounting for 3% of players, though it was the buy-to-play PC version that generated 64% of the game's gross revenue.[132] Among Us became one of the best selling games of 2020 on Steam, being listed on the platinum category on "The Year's Top 100" list.[133][134] The Nintendo Switch version's launch sold 3.2 million digital units in December 2020, making it the highest-earning version of the game for the month and one of the best-selling games on the Nintendo Switch.[135][136]
Among Us was offered as a free game on the Epic Game Store during one week in May 2021. Its average daily player count jumped from around 350,000 players in the weeks before to over 2 million players during the giveaway.[137]
Awards
Award Date of ceremony Category Result Ref.
Golden Joystick 2020 November 24, 2020 Breakthrough Award Won [138]
The Game Awards 2020 December 10, 2020 Best Mobile Game Won [139][140]
Best Multiplayer Game Won
Steam Awards 2020 January 3, 2021 Labor of Love Award Nominated [141][142]
Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards March 13, 2021 Favorite Video Game Won [143]
Webby Awards 2021 Breakout of the Year Won [144]
See also
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry
Notes
Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 versions ported by PlayEveryWare.
Better known as "PuffballsUnited".[1]
Better known as "ForteBass".[2]
Stylized as Among Us! on the iOS App Store.[3] When discussing its planned sequel, the game was given the retronym of Among Us 1 by the game's developers as well as several news outlets.[4][5][6][7]
The game uses the spelling "Impostor" rather than "Imposter" (though both are correct).[8]
Both the free mobile version of Among Us and the paid PC version have paid DLC. For the PC version, however, some of the mobile version's DLC is included in the standalone game.[31][2]
For example, the sound of an Impostor killing a Crewmate could reveal to other Crewmates who the Impostor was.
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We love Among Us 😍" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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I love it" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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Further reading
Lorenz, Taylor (October 14, 2020), "With Nowhere to Go, Teens Flock to Among Us – YouTubers, influencers and streamers popularized the multiplayer game. Then their fans started playing too.", The New York Times, retrieved 2020-10-14, When an indie game company created Among Us in 2018, it was greeted with little fanfare. The multiplayer game remained under the radar as many games do — until the summer of the pandemic. Eager to keep viewers entertained during quarantine, Chance Morris, known online as Sodapoppin, began streaming the game, created by InnerSloth, to his 2.8 million followers on Twitch in July. By mid-September, Among Us caught on like wildfire. Suddenly major YouTube stars, TikTok influencers, and streamers were playing it. PewDiePie, James Charles, and Dr. Lupo have all played the game for millions.
Rodriguez, Salvador (October 14, 2020), "How Amazon's Twitch turned an obscure game called Among Us into a pandemic mega-hit", CNBC, retrieved 2020-10-14, Developed by InnerSloth, a small studio in Redmond, Washington, Among Us was download nearly 42 million times on Steam in the first half of September, according to Safebettingsites.com, and it was downloaded nearly 84 million times on iOS and Android that month, according to SensorTower. The game hasn't left the top five on Apple’s U.S. App Store since Sept. 1, and it has seen more than 158 million installs worldwide across the App Store and Google Play to date, SensorTower says.
""Among Us" Surged in September – "Among Us" videos topped 4 billion views in September", YouTube Culture and Trends, October 14, 2020, retrieved 2020-10-14, Among Us is an online multiplayer social deduction game developed by an American indie game studio, Innersloth. Among Us is a space-themed game in which a crew of astronauts must complete tasks while trying to figure out who among them is an imposter, who is sabotaging their work and killing the other players. The game has been available for about two years, but the viewership of videos related to the game soared last month. There were over 4 billion views of videos related to Among Us in September.
And he said unto his brethren, My money is restored; and, lo, it is
even in my sack: and their heart failed them, and they were afraid,
saying one to another, What is this that God hath done unto us?
¶ And they came unto Jacob their father unto the land of Canaan,
and told him all that befell unto them; saying,
The man, who is the lord of the land, spake roughly to us, and took
us for spies of the country.
And we said unto him, We are true men; we are no spies:
we be twelve brethren, sons of our father; one is not, and the
youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan.
And the man, the lord of the country, said unto us, Hereby shall I
know that ye are true men; leave one of your brethren here with me,
and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone:
and bring your youngest brother unto me: then shall I know that ye
are no spies, but that ye are true men: so will I deliver you your
brother, and ye shall traffic in the land.
¶ And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks, that, behold,
every man’s bundle of money was in his sack: and when both they
and their father saw the bundles of money, they were afraid.
And Jacob their father said unto them, Me have ye bereaved of my
children: Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and ye will take
Benjamin away: all these things are against me.
And Reuben spake unto his father, saying, Slay my two sons, if I
bring him not to thee: deliver him into my hand, and I will bring
him to thee again.
And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is
dead, and he is left alone: if mischief befall him by the way in the
which ye go, then shall ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to
the grave.
43
Joseph’s Brethren Return with Benjamin
And the famine was sore in the land.
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
1
105 Genesis 43
And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they
had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto them, Go again,
buy us a little food.
And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest
unto us, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be
with you.
If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee
food:
but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down: for the man said
unto us, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.
And Israel said, Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man
whether ye had yet a brother?
And they said, The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our
kindred, saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another brother?
and we told him according to the tenor of these words: Could we
certainly know that he would say, Bring your brother down?
And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me, and we
will arise and go; that we may live, and not die, both we, and thou,
and also our little ones.
I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him: if I
bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear
the blame for ever:
for except we had lingered, surely now we had returned this second
time.
¶ And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do
this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry
down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices and
myrrh, nuts and almonds:
and take double money in your hand; and the money that was
brought again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your
hand; peradventure it was an oversight.
Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man:
and God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may
send away your other brother, and Benjamin. If I be bereaved of my
children, I am bereaved.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
106 Genesis 43
And the men took that present, and they took double money in
their hand, and Benjamin; and rose up, and went down to Egypt,
and stood before Joseph.
¶ And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler
of his house, Bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for
these men shall dine with me at noon.
And the man did as Joseph bade; and the man brought the men
into Joseph’s house.
And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph’s
house; and they said, Because of the money that was returned in
our sacks at the first time are we brought in; that he may seek
occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us for bondmen, and
our asses.
And they came near to the steward of Joseph’s house, and they
communed with him at the door of the house,
and said, O sir, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food:
and it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our
sacks, and, behold, every man’s money was in the mouth of his sack,
our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our
hand.
And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food:
we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks.
And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God, and the God of
your father, hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your
money. And he brought Simeon out unto them.
And the man brought the men into Joseph’s house, and gave them
water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses
provender.
And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon: for
they heard that they should eat bread there.
¶ And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present
which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves to
him to the earth.
And he asked them of their welfare, and said, Is your father well, the
old man of whom ye spake? Is he yet alive?
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And they answered, Thy servant our father is in good health, he is
yet alive. And they bowed down their heads, and made obeisance.
And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, his
mother’s son, and said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye
spake unto me? And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son.
And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother:
and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his chamber, and
wept there.
And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and
said, Set on bread.
And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves,
and for the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves:
because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for
that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright,
and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled
one at another.
And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but
Benjamin’s mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they
drank, and were merry with him.
44
The Missing Cup
And he commanded the steward of his house, saying, Fill the men’s
sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put every man’s
money in his sack’s mouth.
And put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack’s mouth of the youngest,
and his corn money. And he did according to the word that Joseph
had spoken.
As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they
and their asses.
And when they were gone out of the city, and not yet far off, Joseph
said unto his steward, Up, follow after the men; and when thou
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dost overtake them, say unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded
evil for good?
Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, and whereby indeed he
divineth? ye have done evil in so doing.
¶ And he overtook them, and he spake unto them these same
words.
And they said unto him, Wherefore saith my lord these words?
God forbid that thy servants should do according to this thing:
behold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we
brought again unto thee out of the land of Canaan: how then
should we steal out of thy lord’s house silver or gold?
With whomsoever of thy servants it be found, both let him die, and
we also will be my lord’s bondmen.
And he said, Now also let it be according unto your words: he with
whom it is found shall be my servant; and ye shall be blameless.
Then they speedily took down every man his sack to the ground,
and opened every man his sack.
And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest:
and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack.
Then they rent their clothes, and laded every man his ass, and
returned to the city.
¶ And Judah and his brethren came to Joseph’s house; for he was yet
there: and they fell before him on the ground.
And Joseph said unto them, What deed is this that ye have done?
wot ye not that such a man as I can certainly divine?
And Judah said, What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we
speak? or how shall we clear ourselves? God hath found out the
iniquity of thy servants: behold, we are my lord’s servants, both we,
and he also with whom the cup is found.
And he said, God forbid that I should do so: but the man in whose
hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant; and as for you, get
you up in peace unto your father.
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Judah Pleads for Benjamin
¶ Then Judah came near unto him, and said, O my lord, let thy
servant, I pray thee, speak a word in my lord’s ears, and let not
thine anger burn against thy servant: for thou art even as Pharaoh.
My lord asked his servants, saying, Have ye a father, or a brother?
And we said unto my lord, We have a father, an old man, and a
child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he
alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him.
And thou saidst unto thy servants, Bring him down unto me, that I
may set mine eyes upon him.
And we said unto my lord, The lad cannot leave his father: for if he
should leave his father, his father would die.
And thou saidst unto thy servants, Except your youngest brother
come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.
And it came to pass when we came up unto thy servant my father,
we told him the words of my lord.
And our father said, Go again, and buy us a little food.
And we said, We cannot go down: if our youngest brother be with
us, then will we go down: for we may not see the man’s face, except
our youngest brother be with us.
And thy servant my father said unto us, Ye know that my wife bare
me two sons:
and the one went out from me, and I said, Surely he is torn in
pieces; and I saw him not since:
and if ye take this also from me, and mischief befall him, ye shall
bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave.
Now therefore when I come to thy servant my father, and the lad be
not with us; seeing that his life is bound up in the lad’s life;
it shall come to pass, when he seeth that the lad is not with us, that
he will die: and thy servants shall bring down the gray hairs of thy
servant our father with sorrow to the grave.
For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, If
I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father
for ever.
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Now therefore, I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad a
bondman to my lord; and let the lad go up with his brethren.
For how shall I go up to my father, and the lad be not with me? lest
peradventure I see the evil that shall come on my father.
45
Joseph Makes Himself Known to His Brethren
Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by
him; and he cried, Cause every man to go out from me. And there
stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto
his brethren.
And he wept aloud: and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh
heard.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph; doth my father yet
live? And his brethren could not answer him; for they were
troubled at his presence.
¶ And Joseph said unto his brethren, Come near to me, I pray you.
And they came near. And he said, I am Joseph your brother, whom
ye sold into Egypt.
Now therefore be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves, that ye
sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve life.
For these two years hath the famine been in the land: and yet there
are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest.
And God sent me before you to preserve you a posterity in the
earth, and to save your lives by a great deliverance.
So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath
made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler
throughout all the land of Egypt.
Haste ye, and go up to my father, and say unto him, Thus saith thy
son Joseph, God hath made me lord of all Egypt: come down unto
me, tarry not:
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and thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near
unto me, thou, and thy children, and thy children’s children, and
thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast:
and there will I nourish thee; for yet there are five years of famine;
lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to
poverty.
And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin,
that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you.
And ye shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt, and of all that
ye have seen; and ye shall haste and bring down my father hither.
And he fell upon his brother Benjamin’s neck, and wept; and
Benjamin wept upon his neck.
Moreover he kissed all his brethren, and wept upon them: and after
that his brethren talked with him.
¶ And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house, saying,
Joseph’s brethren are come: and it pleased Pharaoh well, and his
servants.
And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren, This do ye;
lade your beasts, and go, get you unto the land of Canaan;
and take your father and your households, and come unto me: and
I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and ye shall eat the fat
of the land.
Now thou art commanded, this do ye; take you wagons out of the
land of Egypt for your little ones, and for your wives, and bring
your father, and come.
Also regard not your stuff; for the good of all the land of Egypt is
yours.
¶ And the children of Israel did so: and Joseph gave them wagons,
according to the commandment of Pharaoh, and gave them
provision for the way.
To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment; but to
Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver, and five changes of
raiment.
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And to his father he sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the
good things of Egypt, and ten she asses laden with corn and bread
and meat for his father by the way.
So he sent his brethren away, and they departed: and he said unto
them, See that ye fall not out by the way.
And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of Canaan
unto Jacob their father,
and told him, saying, Joseph is yet alive, and he is governor over all
the land of Egypt. And Jacob’s heart fainted, for he believed them
not.
And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto
them: and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry
him, the spirit of Jacob their father revived.
And Israel said, It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive: I will go and
see him before I die.
46
Jacob and His Family in Egypt
And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beersheba, and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac.
And God spake unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said,
Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I.
And he said, I am God, the God of thy father: fear not to go down
into Egypt; for I will there make of thee a great nation.
I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring
thee up again: and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes.
And Jacob rose up from Beer-sheba: and the sons of Israel carried
Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the
wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten
in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed
with him:
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his sons, and his sons’ sons with him, his daughters, and his sons’
daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt.
¶ And these are the names of the children of Israel, which came
into Egypt, Jacob and his sons: Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn.
And the sons of Reuben; Hanoch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and
Carmi.
And the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin,
and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman.
And the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and
Zarah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons
of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Issachar; Tola, and Phuvah, and Job, and Shimron.
And the sons of Zebulun; Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel.
These be the sons of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob in Padanaram, with his daughter Dinah: all the souls of his sons and his
daughters were thirty and three.
And the sons of Gad; Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and Ezbon, Eri,
and Arodi, and Areli.
And the sons of Asher; Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah,
and Serah their sister: and the sons of Beriah; Heber, and Malchiel.
These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his
daughter; and these she bare unto Jacob, even sixteen souls.
The sons of Rachel Jacob’s wife; Joseph, and Benjamin.
And unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and
Ephraim, which Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On
bare unto him.
And the sons of Benjamin were Belah, and Becher, and Ashbel,
Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and
Ard.
These are the sons of Rachel, which were born to Jacob: all the
souls were fourteen.
And the sons of Dan; Hushim.
And the sons of Naphtali; Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and
Shillem.
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These are the sons of Bilhah, which Laban gave unto Rachel his
daughter, and she bare these unto Jacob: all the souls were seven.
All the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, which came out of
his loins, besides Jacob’s sons’ wives, all the souls were threescore
and six;
and the sons of Joseph, which were borne him in Egypt, were two
souls: all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into Egypt,
were threescore and ten.
¶ And he sent Judah before him unto Joseph, to direct his face unto
Goshen; and they came into the land of Goshen.
And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his
father, to Goshen, and presented himself unto him; and he fell on
his neck, and wept on his neck a good while.
And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, since I have seen thy
face, because thou art yet alive.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father’s house, I
will go up, and show Pharaoh, and say unto him, My brethren, and
my father’s house, which were in the land of Canaan, are come unto
me;
and the men are shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle;
and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that
they have.
And it shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall
say, What is your occupation?
That ye shall say, Thy servants’ trade hath been about cattle from
our youth even until now, both we, and also our fathers: that ye
may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an
abomination unto the Egyptians.
47
Then Joseph came and told Pharaoh, and said, My father and my
brethren, and their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have,
are come out of the land of Canaan; and, behold, they are in the
land of Goshen.
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And he took some of his brethren, even five men, and presented
them unto Pharaoh.
And Pharaoh said unto his brethren, What is your occupation? And
they said unto Pharaoh, Thy servants are shepherds, both we, and
also our fathers.
They said moreover unto Pharaoh, For to sojourn in the land are
we come; for thy servants have no pasture for their flocks; for the
famine is sore in the land of Canaan: now therefore, we pray thee,
let thy servants dwell in the land of Goshen.
And Pharaoh spake unto Joseph, saying, Thy father and thy
brethren are come unto thee:
the land of Egypt is before thee; in the best of the land make thy
father and brethren to dwell; in the land of Goshen let them dwell:
and if thou knowest any men of activity among them, then make
them rulers over my cattle.
¶ And Joseph brought in Jacob his father, and set him before
Pharaoh: and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.
And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou?
And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my
pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the
days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the
days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their
pilgrimage.
And Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went out from before Pharaoh.
And Joseph placed his father and his brethren, and gave them a
possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land
of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.
And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his
father’s household, with bread, according to their families.
¶ And there was no bread in all the land; for the famine was very
sore, so that the land of Egypt and all the land of Canaan fainted by
reason of the famine.
And Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of
Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, for the corn which they bought:
and Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh’s house.
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And when money failed in the land of Egypt, and in the land of
Canaan, all the Egyptians came unto Joseph, and said, Give us
bread: for why should we die in thy presence? for the money
faileth.
And Joseph said, Give your cattle; and I will give you for your
cattle, if money fail.
And they brought their cattle unto Joseph: and Joseph gave them
bread in exchange for horses, and for the flocks, and for the cattle of
the herds, and for the asses; and he fed them with bread for all their
cattle for that year.
When that year was ended, they came unto him the second year,
and said unto him, We will not hide it from my lord, how that our
money is spent; my lord also hath our herds of cattle; there is not
aught left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands:
wherefore shall we die before thine eyes, both we and our land?
buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants
unto Pharaoh: and give us seed, that we may live, and not die, that
the land be not desolate.
¶ And Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh; for the
Egyptians sold every man his field, because the famine prevailed
over them: so the land became Pharaoh’s.
And as for the people, he removed them to cities from one end of
the borders of Egypt even to the other end thereof.
Only the land of the priests bought he not; for the priests had a
portion assigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their portion which
Pharaoh gave them: wherefore they sold not their lands.
Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this
day and your land for Pharaoh: lo, here is seed for you, and ye shall
sow the land.
And it shall come to pass in the increase, that ye shall give the fifth
part unto Pharaoh, and four parts shall be your own, for seed of the
field, and for your food, and for them of your households, and for
food for your little ones.
And they said, Thou hast saved our lives: let us find grace in the
sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh’s servants.
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And Joseph made it a law over the land of Egypt unto this day, that
Pharaoh should have the fifth part; except the land of the priests
only, which became not Pharaoh’s.
¶ And Israel dwelt in the land of Egypt, in the country of Goshen;
and they had possessions therein, and grew, and multiplied
exceedingly.
And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the whole
age of Jacob was a hundred forty and seven years.
¶ And the time drew nigh that Israel must die: and he called his son
Joseph, and said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight,
put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh, and deal kindly and
truly with me; bury me not, I pray thee, in Egypt:
but I will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt,
and bury me in their buryingplace. And he said, I will do as thou
hast said.
And he said, Swear unto me. And he sware unto him. And Israel
bowed himself upon the bed’s head.
48
Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh
And it came to pass after these things, that one told Joseph, Behold,
thy father is sick: and he took with him his two sons, Manasseh and
Ephraim.
And one told Jacob, and said, Behold, thy son Joseph cometh unto
thee: and Israel strengthened himself, and sat upon the bed.
And Jacob said unto Joseph, God Almighty appeared unto me at
Luz in the land of Canaan, and blessed me,
and said unto me, Behold, I will make thee fruitful, and multiply
thee, and I will make of thee a multitude of people; and will give
this land to thy seed after thee for an everlasting possession.
And now thy two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born
unto thee in the land of Egypt, before I came unto thee into Egypt,
are mine; as Reuben and Simeon, they shall be mine.
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And thy issue, which thou begettest after them, shall be thine, and
shall be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance.
And as for me, when I came from Padan, Rachel died by me in the
land of Canaan in the way, when yet there was but a little way to
come unto Ephrath: and I buried her there in the way of Ephrath;
the same is Bethlehem.
¶ And Israel beheld Joseph’s sons, and said, Who are these?
And Joseph said unto his father, They are my sons, whom God hath
given me in this place. And he said, Bring them, I pray thee, unto
me, and I will bless them.
Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.
And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and
embraced them.
And Israel said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and,
lo, God hath showed me also thy seed.
And Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he
bowed himself with his face to the earth.
And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward
Israel’s left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s
right hand, and brought them near unto him.
And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim’s
head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh’s
head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn.
And he blessed Joseph, and said,
God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk,
the God which fed me all my life long unto this day,
the angel which redeemed me from all evil,
bless the lads;
and let my name be named on them,
and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac;
and let them grow into a multitude
in the midst of the earth.
¶ And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the
head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father’s
hand, to remove it from Ephraim’s head unto Manasseh’s head.
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And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this is the
firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head.
And his father refused, and said, I know it, my son, I know it: he
also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his
younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become
a multitude of nations.
And he blessed them that day, saying,
In thee shall Israel bless, saying,
God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh:
and he set Ephraim before Manasseh.
And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die; but God shall be with
you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers.
Moreover I have given to thee one portion above thy brethren,
which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and
with my bow.
49
Jacob’s Prophecy concerning His Sons
And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves
together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last
days.
Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob;
and hearken unto Israel your father.
Reuben, thou art my firstborn,
my might, and the beginning of my strength,
the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:
unstable as water, thou shalt not excel;
because thou wentest up to thy father’s bed;
then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.
Simeon and Levi are brethren;
instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.
O my soul, come not thou into their secret;
unto their assembly, mine honor, be not thou united:
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for in their anger they slew a man,
and in their self-will they digged down a wall.
Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce;
and their wrath, for it was cruel:
I will divide them in Jacob,
and scatter them in Israel.
Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise:
thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies;
thy father’s children shall bow down before thee.
Judah is a lion’s whelp:
from the prey, my son, thou art gone up:
he stooped down, he couched as a lion,
and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?
The sceptre shall not depart from Judah,
nor a lawgiver from between his feet,
until Shiloh come;
and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.
Binding his foal unto the vine,
and his ass’s colt unto the choice vine;
he washed his garments in wine,
and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
his eyes shall be red with wine,
and his teeth white with milk.
Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea;
and he shall be for a haven of ships;
and his border shall be unto Zidon.
Issachar is a strong ass
couching down between two burdens:
and he saw that rest was good,
and the land that it was pleasant;
and bowed his shoulder to bear,
and became a servant unto tribute.
Dan shall judge his people,
as one of the tribes of Israel.
Dan shall be a serpent by the way,
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an adder in the path,
that biteth the horse heels,
so that his rider shall fall backward.
I have waited for thy salvation, O Lord.
Gad, a troop shall overcome him:
but he shall overcome at the last.
Out of Asher his bread shall be fat,
and he shall yield royal dainties.
Naphtali is a hind let loose:
he giveth goodly words.
Joseph is a fruitful bough,
even a fruitful bough by a well;
whose branches run over the wall:
the archers have sorely grieved him,
and shot at him, and hated him:
but his bow abode in strength,
and the arms of his hands were made strong
by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob;
(from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel;)
even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee;
and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee
with blessings of heaven above,
blessings of the deep that lieth under,
blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:
the blessings of thy father have prevailed
above the blessings of my progenitors
unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills:
they shall be on the head of Joseph,
and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his
brethren.
Benjamin shall raven as a wolf:
in the morning he shall devour the prey,
and at night he shall divide the spoil.
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The Death and Burial of Jacob
¶ All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their
father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to
his blessing he blessed them.
And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered
unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the
field of Ephron the Hittite,
in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before
Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the
field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace.
There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried
Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.
The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from
the children of Heth.
And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he
gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was
gathered unto his people.
50
And Joseph fell upon his father’s face, and wept upon him, and
kissed him.
And Joseph commanded his servants the physicians to embalm his
father: and the physicians embalmed Israel.
And forty days were fulfilled for him; for so are fulfilled the days of
those which are embalmed: and the Egyptians mourned for him
threescore and ten days.
¶ And when the days of his mourning were past, Joseph spake unto
the house of Pharaoh, saying, If now I have found grace in your
eyes, speak, I pray you, in the ears of Pharaoh, saying,
My father made me swear, saying, Lo, I die: in my grave which I
have digged for me in the land of Canaan, there shalt thou bury
me. Now therefore let me go up, I pray thee, and bury my father,
and I will come again.
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And Pharaoh said, Go up, and bury thy father, according as he
made thee swear.
And Joseph went up to bury his father: and with him went up all
the servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house, and all the elders
of the land of Egypt,
and all the house of Joseph, and his brethren, and his father’s
house: only their little ones, and their flocks, and their herds, they
left in the land of Goshen.
And there went up with him both chariots and horsemen: and it
was a very great company.
And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond
Jordan; and there they mourned with a great and very sore
lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
And when the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the
mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, This is a grievous
mourning to the Egyptians: wherefore the name of it was called
Abel-mizraim [the mourning of the Egyptians], which is beyond
Jordan.
And his sons did unto him according as he commanded them:
for his sons carried him into the land of Canaan, and buried him in
the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought with
the field for a possession of a buryingplace of Ephron the Hittite,
before Mamre.
And Joseph returned into Egypt, he, and his brethren, and all that
went up with him to bury his father, after he had buried his father.
The Death of Joseph
¶ And when Joseph’s brethren saw that their father was dead, they
said, Joseph will peradventure hate us, and will certainly requite us
all the evil which we did unto him.
And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, saying, Thy father did
command before he died, saying,
So shall ye say unto Joseph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of
thy brethren, and their sin; for they did unto thee evil: and now,
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we pray thee, forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy
father. And Joseph wept when they spake unto him.
And his brethren also went and fell down before his face; and they
said, Behold, we be thy servants.
And Joseph said unto them, Fear not: for am I in the place of God?
But as for you, ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto
good, to bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive.
Now therefore fear ye not: I will nourish you, and your little ones.
And he comforted them, and spake kindly unto them.
¶ And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he, and his father’s house: and Joseph
lived a hundred and ten years.
And Joseph saw Ephraim’s children of the third generation: the
children also of Machir the son of Manasseh were brought up upon
Joseph’s knees.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, I die; and God will surely visit
you, and bring you out of this land unto the land which he sware to
Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
And Joseph took an oath of the children of Israel, saying, God will
surely visit you, and ye shall carry up my bones from hence.
So Joseph died, being a hundred and ten years old: and they
embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.
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The Second Book of Moses, Called
Exodus
[Exodus]
1
The Affliction of the Israelites in Egypt
Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into
Egypt; every man and his household came with Jacob.
Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,
Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,
Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy
souls: for Joseph was in Egypt already.
And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly,
and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was
filled with them.
¶ Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not
Joseph.
And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of
Israel are more and mightier than we:
come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it
come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also
unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of
the land.
Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with
their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom
and Raamses.
But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and
grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor:
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and they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in mortar, and
in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service,
wherein they made them serve, was with rigor.
¶ And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which
the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah;
and he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew
women, and see them upon the stools, if it be a son, then ye shall kill
him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.
But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt
commanded them, but saved the men children alive.
And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them,
Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children
alive?
And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women
are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are
delivered ere the midwives come in unto them.
Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people
multiplied, and waxed very mighty.
And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he
made them houses.
And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born
ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.
2
The Birth of Moses
And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a
daughter of Levi.
And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him
that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.
And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark
of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the
child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river’s brink.
And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.
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And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the
river; and her maidens walked along by the river’s side: and when
she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it.
And when she had opened it, she saw the child: and, behold, the
babe wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of
the Hebrews’ children.
Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call to thee
a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for
thee?
And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go. And the maid went and
called the child’s mother.
And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take this child away, and
nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took
the child, and nursed it.
And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter,
and he became her son. And she called his name Moses [drawn
out]: and she said, Because I drew him out of the water.
Moses Flees from Egypt
¶ And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he
went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he
spied an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew, one of his brethren.
And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there
was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.
And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the
Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong,
Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?
And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us?
intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses
feared, and said, Surely this thing is known.
Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses.
¶ But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of
Midian: and he sat down by a well.
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Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and
drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
And the shepherds came and drove them away: but Moses stood up
and helped them, and watered their flock.
And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How is it that ye
are come so soon today?
And they said, An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the
shepherds, and also drew water enough for us, and watered the
flock.
And he said unto his daughters, And where is he? why is it that ye
have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.
And Moses was content to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses
Zipporah his daughter.
And she bare him a son, and he called his name Gershom [a stranger
there]: for he said, I have been a stranger in a strange land.
¶ And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt
died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage,
and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the
bondage.
And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant
with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect
unto them.
3
The Call of Moses
Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of
Midian: and he led the flock to the back side of the desert, and
came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a flame of fire out
of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned
with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
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And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why
the bush is not burnt.
And when the Lord saw that he turned aside to see, God called
unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And
he said, Here am I.
And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy
feet; for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham,
the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for
he was afraid to look upon God.
¶ And the Lord said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people
which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their
taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the
Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land
and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the
place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the
Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come
unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the
Egyptians oppress them.
Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou
mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto
Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of
Egypt?
And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token
unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the
people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
¶ And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children
of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath
sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what
shall I say unto them?
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And God said unto Moses, I am that I am: and he said, Thus
shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I am hath sent me unto
you.
And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the
children of Israel, The Lord God of your fathers, the God of
Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me
unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all
generations.
Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, The
Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of
Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen
that which is done to you in Egypt:
and I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt
unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the
Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites,
unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and
the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto
him, The Lord God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let
us go, we beseech thee, three days’ journey into the wilderness, that
we may sacrifice to the Lord our God.
And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by
a mighty hand.
And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my
wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will
let you go.
And I will give this people favor in the sight of the Egyptians: and it
shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:
but every woman shall borrow of her neighbor, and of her that
sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and
raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your
daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.
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4
And Moses answered and said, But, behold, they will not believe
me, nor hearken unto my voice: for they will say, The Lord hath
not appeared unto thee.
And the Lord said unto him, What is that in thine hand? And he
said, A rod.
And he said, Cast it on the ground. And he cast it on the ground,
and it became a serpent; and Moses fled from before it.
And the Lord said unto Moses, Put forth thine hand, and take it
by the tail. And he put forth his hand, and caught it, and it became
a rod in his hand:
that they may believe that the Lord God of their fathers, the God
of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared
unto thee.
And the Lord said furthermore unto him, Put now thine hand
into thy bosom. And he put his hand into his bosom: and when he
took it out, behold, his hand was leprous as snow.
And he said, Put thine hand into thy bosom again. And he put his
hand into his bosom again; and plucked it out of his bosom, and,
behold, it was turned again as his other flesh.
And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither
hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice
of the latter sign.
And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe also these two
signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, that thou shalt take of the
water of the river, and pour it upon the dry land: and the water
which thou takest out of the river shall become blood upon the dry
land.
¶ And Moses said unto the Lord, O my Lord, I am not eloquent,
neither heretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy servant;
but I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.
And the Lord said unto him, Who hath made man’s mouth? or
who maketh the dumb, or deaf, or the seeing, or the blind? have
not I the Lord?
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Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee
what thou shalt say.
And he said, O my Lord, send, I pray thee, by the hand of him whom
thou wilt send.
And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Moses, and he said,
Is not Aaron the Levite thy brother? I know that he can speak well.
And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee: and when he seeth
thee, he will be glad in his heart.
And thou shalt speak unto him, and put words in his mouth: and I
will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you
what ye shall do.
And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people: and he shall be,
even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou shalt be to him
instead of God.
And thou shalt take this rod in thine hand, wherewith thou shalt
do signs.
Moses Returns to Egypt
¶ And Moses went and returned to Jethro his father-in-law, and
said unto him, Let me go, I pray thee, and return unto my brethren
which are in Egypt, and see whether they be yet alive. And Jethro
said to Moses, Go in peace.
And the Lord said unto Moses in Midian, Go, return into Egypt:
for all the men are dead which sought thy life.
And Moses took his wife and his sons, and set them upon an ass,
and he returned to the land of Egypt: and Moses took the rod of
God in his hand.
¶ And the Lord said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into
Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I
have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall
not let the people go.
And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the Lord, Israel is my
son, even my firstborn:
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and I say unto thee, Let my son go, that he may serve me: and if
thou refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay thy son, even thy
firstborn.
¶ And it came to pass by the way in the inn, that the Lord met
him, and sought to kill him.
Then Zipporah took a sharp stone, and cut off the foreskin of her
son, and cast it at his feet, and said, Surely a bloody husband art
thou to me.
So he let him go: then she said, A bloody husband thou art, because
of the circumcision.
¶ And the Lord said to Aaron, Go into the wilderness to meet
Moses. And he went, and met him in the mount of God, and kissed
him.
And Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord who had sent
him, and all the signs which he had commanded him.
And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of
the children of Israel:
and Aaron spake all the words which the Lord had spoken unto
Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people.
And the people believed: and when they heard that the Lord had
visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon their
affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshipped.
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Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh
And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus
saith the Lord God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold
a feast unto me in the wilderness.
And Pharaoh said, Who is the Lord, that I should obey his voice to
let Israel go? I know not the Lord, neither will I let Israel go.
And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go,
we pray thee, three days’ journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto
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the Lord our God; lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the
sword.
And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and
Aaron, let the people from their works? get you unto your burdens.
And Pharaoh said, Behold, the people of the land now are many,
and ye make them rest from their burdens.
And Pharaoh commanded the same day the taskmasters of the
people, and their officers, saying,
Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore:
let them go and gather straw for themselves.
And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall
lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof: for they be idle;
therefore they cry, saying, Let us go and sacrifice to our God.
Let there more work be laid upon the men, that they may labor
therein; and let them not regard vain words.
¶ And the taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers,
and they spake to the people, saying, Thus saith Pharaoh, I will not
give you straw.
Go ye, get you straw where ye can find it: yet not aught of your
work shall be diminished.
So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of
Egypt to gather stubble instead of straw.
And the taskmasters hasted them, saying, Fulfil your works, your
daily tasks, as when there was straw.
And the officers of the children of Israel, which Pharaoh’s
taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded,
Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your task in making brick both
yesterday and today, as heretofore?
¶ Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto
Pharaoh, saying, Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants?
There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us, Make
brick: and, behold, thy servants are beaten; but the fault is in thine
own people.
But he said, Ye are idle, ye are idle: therefore ye say, Let us go and do
sacrifice to the Lord.
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Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you,
yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks.
And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were in
evil case, after it was said, Ye shall not minish aught from your
bricks of your daily task.
And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they
came forth from Pharaoh:
and they said unto them, The Lord look upon you, and judge;
because ye have made our savor to be abhorred in the eyes of
Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their
hand to slay us.
The Lord’s Charge to Moses and Aaron
¶ And Moses returned unto the Lord, and said, Lord, wherefore
hast thou so evil entreated this people? why is it that thou hast sent
me?
For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in thy name, he hath done evil
to this people; neither hast thou delivered thy people at all.
6
Then the Lord said unto Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do
to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall he let them go, and with a
strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.
¶ And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, I am the Lord:
and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the
name of God Almighty; but by my name Jehovah was I not known
to them.
And I have also established my covenant with them, to give them
the land of Canaan, the land of their pilgrimage, wherein they were
strangers.
And I have also heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom
the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered my
covenant.
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Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I am the Lord, and I
will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I
will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a
stretched out arm, and with great judgments:
and I will take you to me for a people, and I will be to you a God:
and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God, which bringeth
you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
And I will bring you in unto the land, concerning the which I did
swear to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it
you for a heritage: I am the Lord.
And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened
not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
¶ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of
Israel go out of his land.
And Moses spake before the Lord, saying, Behold, the children of
Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear
me, who am of uncircumcised lips?
And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a
charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt,
to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
¶ These be the heads of their fathers’ houses: The sons of Reuben
the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi:
these be th
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AMONG US
https://imgur.com/a/5TJQLQa
The game takes place in a space-themed setting, in which players each take on one of two roles, most being Crewmates, and a predetermined number being Impostors.[e] The goal of the Crewmates are to identify the Impostors, eliminate them, and complete tasks around the map; the Impostors' goal is to covertly sabotage and kill the Crewmates before they complete all of their tasks. Players suspected to be Impostors may be eliminated via a plurality vote, which any player may initiate by calling an emergency meeting (except during a crisis) or reporting a dead body. Crewmates win if all Impostors are ejected or all tasks are completed, whereas Impostors win if there is an equal number of Impostors and Crewmates, or if a critical sabotage goes unresolved.
While the game was initially released in 2018 to little mainstream attention, it received a massive influx of popularity in 2020 due to many well-known Twitch streamers and YouTubers playing it. The COVID-19 pandemic has also been credited to the growth of the game. The game received positive reviews from critics, being praised for its gameplay and setting, although it was criticized for its technical issues. In response to the game's popularity, Among Us 2 was announced in August 2020. However, the planned sequel was canceled a month later, and the team shifted its focus to improving the original game. Merchandise based on the game, such as toys, shirts, etc., were announced and released. Among Us has also inspired internet memes and achieved a very large following online.
Contents
1 Gameplay
2 Development and release
2.1 Early development
2.2 Popularity
2.2.1 Initial spike in popularity
2.2.2 Continued popularity
2.3 Canceled sequel and ongoing updates
2.4 Console releases
2.5 October 2020 and January 2021 hacks
3 Reception
3.1 Sales
3.2 Awards
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Gameplay
A white-suited astronaut named "Buddy" (the player) stands in front of an unnamed blue-suited corpse. The room they are in is labeled "Admin". In the hallway, slightly obscured by the sight line mechanic, is a pink-suited astronaut named "Chum". In the upper-left corner of the player's screen, there is a fake list of tasks as well as the player's goal: to kill all Crewmates. The player also has the option to Use, Report, Sabotage, and Kill. As the player has just killed, the button is on cooldown and faded.
An Impostor (white) has killed a Crewmate (blue), with another player (pink) having witnessed their death. Because of the game's vision mechanic, the pink player is partially obscured.
Among Us is a multiplayer game for four to ten players. Up to three players are randomly[9] chosen to be the impostor(s) each round. A round can take place on one of four maps: a spaceship called "The Skeld"; a headquarters building called "MIRA HQ"; a planet base called "Polus";[10] or "The Airship", which is based on InnerSloth's Henry Stickmin series.[11][12]
At the start of the game, Crewmates are assigned "tasks" to complete around the map in the form of minigames, consisting of maintenance work on vital systems such as fixing wires and downloading data.[13] Impostors are given a fake list of tasks to blend in with Crewmates. However, they cannot legitimately perform tasks. Impostors can sabotage vital systems (such as the ship's oxygen supply), covertly travel through vents, and work with other Impostors to kill Crewmates. If a player dies, they become a ghost. Ghosts can pass through walls, spectate other players, and chat with other ghosts.[14] Living players have a limited cone of vision,[15] but ghosts do not have this limitation.[16]
Ghosts help their living teammates by completing their tasks (as a Crewmate) or performing sabotages (as an Impostor).[10] The Impostors win when they kill enough Crewmates to be equal in number, or when the Crewmates fail to resolve a major sabotage.[14] The Crewmates win by completing all tasks, or by identifying and ejecting all Impostors.[10] Games can also end by players quitting the match if doing so fulfills any win condition (if a crewmate quits the game, their tasks are automatically considered completed).[17][18]
To help the Crewmates identify Impostors, there are various surveillance systems on each map, such as security cameras system on The Skeld,[19] a doorlog in MIRA HQ,[20] and a vitals indicator in Polus.[10] Crewmates may also confirm their identity through visual tasks, which cannot be faked by Impostors.[21] Any living player may call a group meeting by reporting a dead body, or by pressing the Emergency Meeting button at any time (except during major sabotages, when Emergency Meetings cannot be called, but dead bodies can still be reported).[14][22][23]
During a meeting, players discuss who they believe is an Impostor based on the available evidence. A plurality vote is held, and the chosen player is ejected from the map and they become a ghost.[13][14] Players can communicate in a text chat,[13] but only during meetings, and only if they are alive (though ghosts can speak with one another at any time).[10][14][15] While the game does not have a built-in voice chat system, it is common for players to use external programs such as Discord.[24][25][26]
In each game's lobby, various options can be adjusted to customize aspects of gameplay, such as player movement speed, the allowed number of emergency meetings, number of tasks, if there will be visual tasks,[27] or whether or not an impostor is revealed after being voted off.[28] There are also many cosmetic options, including spacesuit colors, skins, hats, and pets,[29][30] some of which are paid downloadable content.[f][2][5][15]
Development and release
Early development
Among Us timeline
2018 iOS/Android release
Windows 10 Release
2019 "MIRA HQ" release
"Polus" release
2020 macOS release
Nintendo Switch release
2021 PC Xbox Game Pass release
"The Airship" release
Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 release
Among Us was inspired by the live party game Mafia,[2][32] and science fiction horror film The Thing.[33] The idea for the concept was originally given by Marcus Bromander, co-founder of Innersloth, who had played Mafia since he was a kid. In the original game, function cards were dealt and players wandered around a house, aimlessly, while another person secretly killed the players, drawing a finger around their neck. Most of its mechanics were still present in Among Us, but the team wanted to "alleviate the need to create an interesting home model and have someone wandering around in a boring environment". So, they decided that the game would be space themed and also added tasks, which, according to Forest Willard, programmer at Innersloth, "changed several times during development".[33][34]
Development began in November 2017.[34] The game was initially intended to be a mobile-only local multiplayer game with a single map.[35] Bromander paused development on Innersloth's other game, The Henry Stickmin Collection, in order to build Among Us' first map, The Skeld.[36] When they began developing the first map, they intended that the ship was always in crisis and that the Impostors could do tasks. However, they found this setup "stressful" and decided that it "[wouldn't leave] much time for detective work and informed meeting conversations".[33][34] Willard described playtesting as painful and frustrating, as the game would break down during sessions forcing him to send playtesters new builds off of Google Play. The team tested the game with 8 of their friends and never tested the game with 9 or the maximum of 10 players.[36] The game was developed using the Unity engine.[37]
The game was released in June 2018 to Android and iOS under the AppID of "spacemafia".[2][38] Shortly after release, Among Us had an average player count of 30 to 50 concurrent players.[27] Bromander blamed the game's poor release on Innersloth being "really bad at marketing".[35] The team nearly abandoned the project multiple times, but continued work on it due to a "small but vocal player base",[39] adding in online multiplayer, new tasks, and customization options.[39] The game was released on Steam on November 16, 2018.[35][40] Cross-platform play was supported upon release of the Steam version.[41][42] Originally, the game had no audio to avoid revealing hidden information in a local setting,[g] and Willard mixed sounds from numerous sound packs to compose the SFX during the game's Steam release.[36]
On August 8, 2019, Innersloth released a second map, MIRA HQ,[43][44] a "tightly packed headquarters roughly the size of The Skeld." A third map, Polus, was added on November 12, 2019 and is set in a research station.[43][45] The fourth map, the Airship, was released on March 31, 2021 and is based on a location in the Henry Stickmin universe.[11][12] MIRA HQ and Polus originally cost players US$4 via in-app purchase. Their prices were reduced to US$2 on January 6, 2020, then made free on June 11, 2020.[46] While the map packs are still available for purchase on all platforms, they now only provide the player the skins that were bundled with the maps.[47]
According to programmer Forest Willard, the team "stuck with [the game] a lot longer than we probably should have from a pure business standpoint", putting out regular updates to the game as often as once per week. This led to a steady increase in players, causing the game's player base to snowball. Bromander attributed this to the studio having enough savings to keep working on the game even while it was not selling particularly well.[35]
Popularity
Initial spike in popularity
Sodapoppin in a purple Twitch hoodie
Twitch streamer Sodapoppin, credited with popularizing Among Us on Twitch
While Among Us released in 2018, it was not until mid-2020 that it saw a surge of popularity, initially driven by content creators online in South Korea and Brazil. Bromander stated that the game is more popular in Mexico, Brazil, and South Korea than the United States.[35][2] According to Willard, Twitch streamer Sodapoppin first popularized the game on Twitch in July 2020.[35] Many other Twitch streamers and YouTubers followed suit, including prominent content creators xQc, Pokimane, Shroud, Ninja, and PewDiePie.[48][49][32]
The COVID-19 pandemic was frequently cited as a reason for the popularity of Among Us, as it allowed for socializing despite social distancing.[35][14][50][51][52][53][43] Emma Kent of Eurogamer believed that the release of Innersloth's The Henry Stickmin Collection also contributed to awareness of Among Us,[48] and PC Gamer's Wes Fenlon credited Twitch streamer SR_Kaif for "prim[ing] Among Us for its big moment." Fenlon also praised Among Us for improvements over other popular tabletop games that had been inspired by Mafia, such as Secret Hitler. He said other video game adaptation of Mafia such as Town of Salem and Werewolves Within were "just add[ing] an online interface for the basic Werewolf rules," whereas Among Us is as an entirely new take on the concept.[32] Along with Fall Guys and the Jackbox Party Packs, Among Us provided a narrative-less experience that helped to avoid the "cultural trauma" of the pandemic, according to M.J. Lewis of Wired.[54]
Continued popularity
The game's popularity continued into the following months. YouTube reported that videos about Among Us were viewed 4 billion times in September 2020,[55] and TikTok videos related to Among Us had over 13 billion views in October 2020.[56] YouTuber CG5 wrote a song based on the game in September 2020, titled "Show Yourself", and gained over 60 million views in 4 months.[57] In September 2020, the game exceeded 100 million downloads[32] and its player count rose to 1.5 million concurrent players[1][58] (nearly 400 thousand of which were on Steam),[43] then peaked at 3.8 million in late September.[59] The sudden increase in players overloaded the game's server, which according to Willard was "a totally free Amazon server, and it was terrible." This forced him to work quickly, under crunch time, to resolve these issues.[39]
In August, Innersloth opened an online store for Among Us themed merchandise.[5][27] The game's popularity inspired many original songs, fanarts and internet memes,[19][22][39][60] Willard expressed that fan-created content "really is the best part" of making Among Us, and Bromander called it "my favorite thing to see".[39] The game popularized the slang word "sus" (meaning "suspicious or suspect"),[61][62][63][64] which had been used as a slang term before the game's release.[65]
During its time of widespread popularity, Among Us was controversially played by the U.S. Navy Esports team, in which players on the stream used in-game names referencing the N-word and the bombing of Nagasaki. The stream was deemed "offensive" and "intolerable" by some viewers.[66] In October 2020, U.S. Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ilhan Omar streamed the game alongside several other prominent streamers such as Pokimane and Hasan Piker as a way to encourage people to vote in the 2020 United States presidential election, drawing almost 700,000 concurrent viewers on Twitch.[67][68][69][70]
The game also received several mods made by the community, which added new roles, game modes, cosmetics, etc.[71] Among Us was also featured in Twitch Rivals 2020, an online gaming tournament which was held on December 4, 2020.[72] During the event, players were able to receive an exclusive pet called "Glitch Pet", which is the Twitch logo.[73]
Canceled sequel and ongoing updates
In August 2020, the team shifted focus onto a sequel, Among Us 2.[4][5][6][7] During this time, Forest Willard and Amy Liu continued to update Among Us, increasing the maximum player base, adding four servers and three regions,[74] and implementing longer multiplayer codes to support more concurrent games.[75] On September 23, 2020, the team canceled the sequel, instead opting to add all content intended for the sequel to the original Among Us, due to "how many people [were] enjoying [the original game]".[76][48][77] However, Innersloth deemed the game's codebase "outdated and not built to support adding so much new content", so the team made plans to rework the game's core code to enable adding new features.[77]
The team subsequently announced their plans to fix the game's server issues and widespread cheating problem,[78][79][80] as well as add a system for banning disruptive players.[81] In October 2020, colorblind support for the "wires" task was added to the Among Us beta on Steam, as well as some previously unannounced lobby customization options.[82][83] As-of-yet unimplemented features include improving gameplay for ghosts,[84] adding customizable controls,[85] a friends system, and more player colors.[76][48][77][81] They also announced an update to the game's art style, lobby support for 15 players, new six colors, and a new meeting screen.[12][86][87]
In mid-February 2021, the game added a feature called Quickchat, which replaces the standard chat interface with a series of preset phrases that players must pick from. Players under the age of 13 are required to use Quickchat, but those over 13 are also allowed to use Free Chat, which allows them to type original messages.[88][89]
First announced at The Game Awards 2020, the Airship map was released on March 31, 2021.[11][12] The Airship features multiple floors, contraptions, tasks, and "more."[90][91] In addition, Game Awards presenter Geoff Keighley's face was added as a skin. The map itself is based upon the Henry Stickmin's Toppat Clan Airship.[92] Innersloth also stated that the map would be free to all players.[93][12] It also features a skin bundle that includes Henry Stickmin-themed cosmetic that can be bought on Steam.[12]
The accounts system was implemented along with the update, and it allows players to report players that are not following Innersloth' Code of Conduct in order to make the game a welcoming and respectful place. Punishment ranges from temporary to a permanent ban. They also stated that reports would be viewed manually and not by bots, that account creations would be required if players want to use Free Chat or to customize their nicknames, and that people under the age of 13 would need their parents' permission to create an account. A friends system and the ability to link to multiple accounts would be added somewhere in the future.[94][95]
Innersloth later revealed on the game's official Twitter account a new color to the game, rose, which will be included in the game's next update along with more five colors, which will be revealed more during Summer Game Fest on June 10, 2021.[96]
Console releases
Amid its popularity, Innersloth considered releasing the game to PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles, but encountered a problem in implementing player communication, since standard text-based or voice-based chat seemed unusable. They considered a system similar to the "quick comms" system from Rocket League, as well as the possibility of developing an entirely new communication system for the game.[24][25] Versions of the game for Xbox consoles were later announced.[97]
Among Us was released for the Nintendo Switch on December 15, 2020, the same day it was announced during Nintendo Direct Indie World showcase. The Switch version supports cross-platform play with the mobile and Windows versions.[98] This port was published by Play EveryWare.[99] Upon release, the Switch version had an exploit to access The Airship prior to its official release in early 2021.[100] The exploit was fixed two days after release in the Switch version's first update.[101][102] Currently, all the game's downloadable content is unavailable on Switch, although the team stated that it will be added in some point.[103]
On the same date as the announcement of The Airship, it was announced that Among Us will be available in Xbox Game Pass for PC at "some point in the not-too-distant future," as quoted from Shacknews.[104] The game is also planned for release on Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S in 2021.[105] During the Xbox Indie Showcase, it was announced that it would include the new "Airship" map.[106] Innersloth stated that as the game is coming to other consoles, it is facing several approval processes.[99] Releases of Among Us for the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5, supporting cross-platform play with existing versions, were announced in April 2021 with an unspecified released date; players on these consoles will get an exclusive Ratchet & Clank cosmetic.[107]
October 2020 and January 2021 hacks
In mid-October 2020, a hacker known as "Eris Loris" began targeting mainly North American servers. Several players on the Among Us subreddit and Twitter reported this player hacking their lobbies and spamming in-game chat with promotions for his YouTube channel, links to his Discord server, and controversial political messages.[108] Eris Loris also threatened to personally hack players that refused to subscribe to his YouTube channel. The Discord server has been found to contain large amounts of offensive content, such as racist language, gore, pornography and images depicting animal abuse.[109]
A Eurogamer report from October 23, 2020, features an interview with a person claiming to be Eris Loris, conducted via the Discord server from one of the links provided in the hacked games. In the interview, Loris claims he created the bot responsible for the hacks "in only six hours", and had enlisted up to 50 volunteers to form a botnet which boosted the strength of their attacks. Loris claimed that the hack impacted 4.9 million players in 1.5 million games. He also added that the hacks were part of a publicity stunt to influence players to vote for Donald Trump in the 2020 United States presidential election.[109]
Innersloth added an in-game message warning players about the hacks on October 22,[109] and released a statement on Twitter the next day. They said they were "super aware" of the hacking issue, and stated that an "emergency server update" would be pushed out to combat the hacks. They encouraged players to stick to private games and to avoid playing on public ones until the update was released.[110] The team plans to address the hacking vulnerabilities as part of a planned overhaul for the game.[78][79][80]
At the end of January 2021, players reported on Twitter the return of Eris Loris' hack attack, which is now distributing Among Us hacks and cheats.[111]
Reception
Reception
Aggregate score
Aggregator Score
Metacritic PC: 85/100[112]
Switch: 79/100[113]
Review scores
Publication Score
4Players 68/100[114]
Game Informer 8/10[115]
IGN 9/10[117]
Jeuxvideo.com 14/20[116]
Nintendo Life 8/10[118]
Among Us was well received by critics. On the aggregator website Metacritic, the PC port received a 85 of 100 score based on 9 critic reviews, while the Nintendo Switch version received a 79 of 100 score based on 8 critic reviews, both them indicating "generally favorable reviews".[112][113] It was also considered as one of the "Best PC Games for 2018", being ranked 17th, and as the "#38 Best Discussed PC Game of 2018".[119][120] Since December 2020, IGN considered it as one of 2020's best reviewed games so far.[121]
Elliott Osange of Bonus Stage considered that the game is "silly fun", but felt that is more fun "to be an Impostor".[122] Craig Pearson of Rock, Paper, Shotgun had the same opinion, found playing as an Impostor "a lot more fun" than playing as a Crewmate, which he called "exhausting".[13] In reference to the game's popularity among streamers, Evelyn Lau of The National said: "Watching the reactions of people trying to guess who the impostor is (and sometimes getting it very wrong) or lying terribly about not being the impostor is all quite entertaining."[14] Alice O'Conner of Rock, Paper, Shotgun described the game as "Mafia or Werewolf but with minigames".[123] Andrew Penney of TheGamer said the game was "worth it for the price" and that "who you play with dictates how fun the game is."[15] L'avis de Tiraxa of Jeuxvideo.com praised the game's Freeplay mode, which offers newer players "to browse the map alone to accomodatte the places", as they would need to play several games in order to "perfect their strategies".[116]
Leana Hafer from IGN stated in her verdict on the game: "I don't have any sus that this will be the last game of its breed to make a splash, since we’re already seeing its influence on even mega-games like Fortnite". As a negative point, she pointed out some technical problems, such as the difficulty of finding rooms that aren't already full or are a long way from getting there. She also lamented the lack of "mechanic to punish players who rage-quit when they don't get to play as impostor, or are caught dead to rights in the middle of a murder".[117] Tiraxa of Jeuxvideo.com was more critical to the game, which lamented the lack of an incremented voice chat into the game, the server bugs, which "[prevents] some from joining the party, in a totally unexplained way", the public servers with strangers, as she considered it "less entertaining" than private servers with friends, and the large development progress, considering that the game has a "bit of a way to go before it reaches its full potential".[116] The mobile version of the game, although being free-to-play, was criticized. Osange of Bonus Stage called the presence of ads and in-app purchases of cosmetic changes that are mostly available for free on the PC version "nonsense". He also called the PC version "stable" but also stated that the Android version is "a device-by-device situation".[122]
The Nintendo Switch version received some criticism. William Antonieli of Insider said that the Switch controls give "many tasks a satisfying game response". However, he also stated that most of the tasks could be "done quickly with the Switch's touchscreen control", which can only be used when the console is in handheld mode. He noted that many of the game's tasks are difficult to complete using a gamepad, which is required when the console is connected to a larger screen, and considered this version "inferior" to the PC and mobile versions.[124] He also stated that the communication system is "frustrating", as using the joystick to select letters is "slow", and said the fact that the game has support for multiplayer across multiple platforms gives Switch players "immediate disadvantage".[124] PJ O'Reilly of Nintendo Life noted that the Switch lacked much of the additional content available on other platforms, such as skins, which he called a "shame".[118]
Among Us has been frequently compared to Fall Guys, as both became popular as party games during the COVID-19 pandemic;[35][26][85] the developers of both games have positively acknowledged each other on Twitter.[125][126] Comparisons have also been drawn between the two games' avatars, which have been said to look like jelly beans.[127][128] Among Us has also been compared to The Thing,[22][129] Town of Salem,[32][129] Werewolves Within,[32] and Secret Hitler.[32]
Sales
As of September 2020, Steam Spy estimated that the game had more than 10 million owners on Steam.[130] The Associated Press noted the game was the most downloaded app on the iOS App Store for both iPhones and iPads in October 2020.[131] According to SuperData Research, the game had roughly 500 million players worldwide as of November 2020, with the free-to-play mobile version accounting for 97% of players and the buy-to-play PC version accounting for 3% of players, though it was the buy-to-play PC version that generated 64% of the game's gross revenue.[132] Among Us became one of the best selling games of 2020 on Steam, being listed on the platinum category on "The Year's Top 100" list.[133][134] The Nintendo Switch version's launch sold 3.2 million digital units in December 2020, making it the highest-earning version of the game for the month and one of the best-selling games on the Nintendo Switch.[135][136]
Among Us was offered as a free game on the Epic Game Store during one week in May 2021. Its average daily player count jumped from around 350,000 players in the weeks before to over 2 million players during the giveaway.[137]
Awards
Award Date of ceremony Category Result Ref.
Golden Joystick 2020 November 24, 2020 Breakthrough Award Won [138]
The Game Awards 2020 December 10, 2020 Best Mobile Game Won [139][140]
Best Multiplayer Game Won
Steam Awards 2020 January 3, 2021 Labor of Love Award Nominated [141][142]
Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards March 13, 2021 Favorite Video Game Won [143]
Webby Awards 2021 Breakout of the Year Won [144]
See also
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry
Notes
Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 versions ported by PlayEveryWare.
Better known as "PuffballsUnited".[1]
Better known as "ForteBass".[2]
Stylized as Among Us! on the iOS App Store.[3] When discussing its planned sequel, the game was given the retronym of Among Us 1 by the game's developers as well as several news outlets.[4][5][6][7]
The game uses the spelling "Impostor" rather than "Imposter" (though both are correct).[8]
Both the free mobile version of Among Us and the paid PC version have paid DLC. For the PC version, however, some of the mobile version's DLC is included in the standalone game.[31][2]
For example, the sound of an Impostor killing a Crewmate could reveal to other Crewmates who the Impostor was.
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""Among Us" Surged in September – "Among Us" videos topped 4 billion views in September", YouTube Culture and Trends, October 14, 2020, archived from the original on 2020-10-15, retrieved 2020-10-14, Among Us is an online multiplayer social deduction game developed by an American indie game studio, Innersloth. Among Us is a space-themed game in which a crew of astronauts must complete tasks while trying to figure out who among them is an imposter, who is sabotaging their work and killing the other players. The game has been available for about two years, but viewership of videos related to the game soared last month. There were over 4 billion views of videos related to Among Us in September.
Lorenz, Taylor (October 14, 2020), "With Nowhere to Go, Teens Flock to Among Us – YouTubers, influencers and streamers popularized the multiplayer game. Then their fans started playing too.", The New York Times, archived from the original on 2020-10-14, retrieved 2020-10-14, When an indie game company created Among Us in 2018, it was greeted with little fanfare. The multiplayer game remained under the radar as many games do — until the summer of the pandemic. Eager to keep viewers entertained during quarantine, Chance Morris, known online as Sodapoppin, began streaming the game, created by InnerSloth, to his 2.8 million followers on Twitch in July. By mid-September, Among Us caught on like wildfire. Suddenly major YouTube stars, TikTok influencers, and streamers were playing it. PewDiePie, James Charles, and Dr. Lupo have all played the game for millions.
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Rodriguez, Salvador (October 14, 2020), "How Amazon's Twitch turned an obscure game called Among Us into a pandemic mega-hit", CNBC, archived from the original on 2020-10-15, retrieved 2020-10-14, Developed by InnerSloth, a small studio in Redmond, Washington, Among Us was download nearly 42 million times on Steam in the first half of September, according to Safebettingsites.com, and it was downloaded nearly 84 million times on iOS and Android that month, according to SensorTower. The game hasn’t left the top five on Apple’s U.S. App Store since Sept. 1, and it has seen more than 158 million installs worldwide across the App Store and Google Play to date, SensorTower says.
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Etra, Alden (April 20, 2021). "Among Us' Next Update Will Add New Crewmate Colors & More". Screen Rant. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
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Team, M. G. H. (December 11, 2020). "Among Us 'The Airship' Map: Release Date, Leaks, Costumes and More". Mobile Gaming Hub. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
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Hetfeld, Malindy (May 21, 2021). "Among Us teases new crewmate colour ahead of 'next big update' announcement this June". PC Gamer. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
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Fall Guys [@FallGuysGame] (September 23, 2020). "This is actually true
We love Among Us 😍" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
Forest Willard [@forte_bass] (September 23, 2020). "This is horrifying.
I love it" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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Further reading
Lorenz, Taylor (October 14, 2020), "With Nowhere to Go, Teens Flock to Among Us – YouTubers, influencers and streamers popularized the multiplayer game. Then their fans started playing too.", The New York Times, retrieved 2020-10-14, When an indie game company created Among Us in 2018, it was greeted with little fanfare. The multiplayer game remained under the radar as many games do — until the summer of the pandemic. Eager to keep viewers entertained during quarantine, Chance Morris, known online as Sodapoppin, began streaming the game, created by InnerSloth, to his 2.8 million followers on Twitch in July. By mid-September, Among Us caught on like wildfire. Suddenly major YouTube stars, TikTok influencers, and streamers were playing it. PewDiePie, James Charles, and Dr. Lupo have all played the game for millions.
Rodriguez, Salvador (October 14, 2020), "How Amazon's Twitch turned an obscure game called Among Us into a pandemic mega-hit", CNBC, retrieved 2020-10-14, Developed by InnerSloth, a small studio in Redmond, Washington, Among Us was download nearly 42 million times on Steam in the first half of September, according to Safebettingsites.com, and it was downloaded nearly 84 million times on iOS and Android that month, according to SensorTower. The game hasn't left the top five on Apple’s U.S. App Store since Sept. 1, and it has seen more than 158 million installs worldwide across the App Store and Google Play to date, SensorTower says.
""Among Us" Surged in September – "Among Us" videos topped 4 billion views in September", YouTube Culture and Trends, October 14, 2020, retrieved 2020-10-14, Among Us is an online multiplayer social deduction game developed by an American indie game studio, Innersloth. Among Us is a space-themed game in which a crew of astronauts must complete tasks while trying to figure out who among them is an imposter, who is sabotaging their work and killing the other players. The game has been available for about two years, but the viewership of videos related to the game soared last month. There were over 4 billion views of videos related to Among Us in September.
even in my sack: and their heart failed them, and they were afraid,
saying one to another, What is this that God hath done unto us?
¶ And they came unto Jacob their father unto the land of Canaan,
and told him all that befell unto them; saying,
The man, who is the lord of the land, spake roughly to us, and took
us for spies of the country.
And we said unto him, We are true men; we are no spies:
we be twelve brethren, sons of our father; one is not, and the
youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan.
And the man, the lord of the country, said unto us, Hereby shall I
know that ye are true men; leave one of your brethren here with me,
and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone:
and bring your youngest brother unto me: then shall I know that ye
are no spies, but that ye are true men: so will I deliver you your
brother, and ye shall traffic in the land.
¶ And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks, that, behold,
every man’s bundle of money was in his sack: and when both they
and their father saw the bundles of money, they were afraid.
And Jacob their father said unto them, Me have ye bereaved of my
children: Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and ye will take
Benjamin away: all these things are against me.
And Reuben spake unto his father, saying, Slay my two sons, if I
bring him not to thee: deliver him into my hand, and I will bring
him to thee again.
And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is
dead, and he is left alone: if mischief befall him by the way in the
which ye go, then shall ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to
the grave.
43
Joseph’s Brethren Return with Benjamin
And the famine was sore in the land.
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105 Genesis 43
And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they
had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto them, Go again,
buy us a little food.
And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest
unto us, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be
with you.
If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee
food:
but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down: for the man said
unto us, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.
And Israel said, Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man
whether ye had yet a brother?
And they said, The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our
kindred, saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another brother?
and we told him according to the tenor of these words: Could we
certainly know that he would say, Bring your brother down?
And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me, and we
will arise and go; that we may live, and not die, both we, and thou,
and also our little ones.
I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him: if I
bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear
the blame for ever:
for except we had lingered, surely now we had returned this second
time.
¶ And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do
this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry
down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices and
myrrh, nuts and almonds:
and take double money in your hand; and the money that was
brought again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your
hand; peradventure it was an oversight.
Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man:
and God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may
send away your other brother, and Benjamin. If I be bereaved of my
children, I am bereaved.
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And the men took that present, and they took double money in
their hand, and Benjamin; and rose up, and went down to Egypt,
and stood before Joseph.
¶ And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler
of his house, Bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for
these men shall dine with me at noon.
And the man did as Joseph bade; and the man brought the men
into Joseph’s house.
And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph’s
house; and they said, Because of the money that was returned in
our sacks at the first time are we brought in; that he may seek
occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us for bondmen, and
our asses.
And they came near to the steward of Joseph’s house, and they
communed with him at the door of the house,
and said, O sir, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food:
and it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our
sacks, and, behold, every man’s money was in the mouth of his sack,
our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our
hand.
And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food:
we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks.
And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God, and the God of
your father, hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your
money. And he brought Simeon out unto them.
And the man brought the men into Joseph’s house, and gave them
water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses
provender.
And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon: for
they heard that they should eat bread there.
¶ And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present
which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves to
him to the earth.
And he asked them of their welfare, and said, Is your father well, the
old man of whom ye spake? Is he yet alive?
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And they answered, Thy servant our father is in good health, he is
yet alive. And they bowed down their heads, and made obeisance.
And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, his
mother’s son, and said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye
spake unto me? And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son.
And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother:
and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his chamber, and
wept there.
And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and
said, Set on bread.
And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves,
and for the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves:
because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for
that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright,
and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled
one at another.
And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but
Benjamin’s mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they
drank, and were merry with him.
44
The Missing Cup
And he commanded the steward of his house, saying, Fill the men’s
sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put every man’s
money in his sack’s mouth.
And put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack’s mouth of the youngest,
and his corn money. And he did according to the word that Joseph
had spoken.
As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they
and their asses.
And when they were gone out of the city, and not yet far off, Joseph
said unto his steward, Up, follow after the men; and when thou
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108 Genesis 44
dost overtake them, say unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded
evil for good?
Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, and whereby indeed he
divineth? ye have done evil in so doing.
¶ And he overtook them, and he spake unto them these same
words.
And they said unto him, Wherefore saith my lord these words?
God forbid that thy servants should do according to this thing:
behold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we
brought again unto thee out of the land of Canaan: how then
should we steal out of thy lord’s house silver or gold?
With whomsoever of thy servants it be found, both let him die, and
we also will be my lord’s bondmen.
And he said, Now also let it be according unto your words: he with
whom it is found shall be my servant; and ye shall be blameless.
Then they speedily took down every man his sack to the ground,
and opened every man his sack.
And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest:
and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack.
Then they rent their clothes, and laded every man his ass, and
returned to the city.
¶ And Judah and his brethren came to Joseph’s house; for he was yet
there: and they fell before him on the ground.
And Joseph said unto them, What deed is this that ye have done?
wot ye not that such a man as I can certainly divine?
And Judah said, What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we
speak? or how shall we clear ourselves? God hath found out the
iniquity of thy servants: behold, we are my lord’s servants, both we,
and he also with whom the cup is found.
And he said, God forbid that I should do so: but the man in whose
hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant; and as for you, get
you up in peace unto your father.
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Judah Pleads for Benjamin
¶ Then Judah came near unto him, and said, O my lord, let thy
servant, I pray thee, speak a word in my lord’s ears, and let not
thine anger burn against thy servant: for thou art even as Pharaoh.
My lord asked his servants, saying, Have ye a father, or a brother?
And we said unto my lord, We have a father, an old man, and a
child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he
alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him.
And thou saidst unto thy servants, Bring him down unto me, that I
may set mine eyes upon him.
And we said unto my lord, The lad cannot leave his father: for if he
should leave his father, his father would die.
And thou saidst unto thy servants, Except your youngest brother
come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.
And it came to pass when we came up unto thy servant my father,
we told him the words of my lord.
And our father said, Go again, and buy us a little food.
And we said, We cannot go down: if our youngest brother be with
us, then will we go down: for we may not see the man’s face, except
our youngest brother be with us.
And thy servant my father said unto us, Ye know that my wife bare
me two sons:
and the one went out from me, and I said, Surely he is torn in
pieces; and I saw him not since:
and if ye take this also from me, and mischief befall him, ye shall
bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave.
Now therefore when I come to thy servant my father, and the lad be
not with us; seeing that his life is bound up in the lad’s life;
it shall come to pass, when he seeth that the lad is not with us, that
he will die: and thy servants shall bring down the gray hairs of thy
servant our father with sorrow to the grave.
For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, If
I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father
for ever.
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Now therefore, I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad a
bondman to my lord; and let the lad go up with his brethren.
For how shall I go up to my father, and the lad be not with me? lest
peradventure I see the evil that shall come on my father.
45
Joseph Makes Himself Known to His Brethren
Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by
him; and he cried, Cause every man to go out from me. And there
stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto
his brethren.
And he wept aloud: and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh
heard.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph; doth my father yet
live? And his brethren could not answer him; for they were
troubled at his presence.
¶ And Joseph said unto his brethren, Come near to me, I pray you.
And they came near. And he said, I am Joseph your brother, whom
ye sold into Egypt.
Now therefore be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves, that ye
sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve life.
For these two years hath the famine been in the land: and yet there
are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest.
And God sent me before you to preserve you a posterity in the
earth, and to save your lives by a great deliverance.
So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath
made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler
throughout all the land of Egypt.
Haste ye, and go up to my father, and say unto him, Thus saith thy
son Joseph, God hath made me lord of all Egypt: come down unto
me, tarry not:
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and thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near
unto me, thou, and thy children, and thy children’s children, and
thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast:
and there will I nourish thee; for yet there are five years of famine;
lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to
poverty.
And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin,
that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you.
And ye shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt, and of all that
ye have seen; and ye shall haste and bring down my father hither.
And he fell upon his brother Benjamin’s neck, and wept; and
Benjamin wept upon his neck.
Moreover he kissed all his brethren, and wept upon them: and after
that his brethren talked with him.
¶ And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house, saying,
Joseph’s brethren are come: and it pleased Pharaoh well, and his
servants.
And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren, This do ye;
lade your beasts, and go, get you unto the land of Canaan;
and take your father and your households, and come unto me: and
I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and ye shall eat the fat
of the land.
Now thou art commanded, this do ye; take you wagons out of the
land of Egypt for your little ones, and for your wives, and bring
your father, and come.
Also regard not your stuff; for the good of all the land of Egypt is
yours.
¶ And the children of Israel did so: and Joseph gave them wagons,
according to the commandment of Pharaoh, and gave them
provision for the way.
To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment; but to
Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver, and five changes of
raiment.
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And to his father he sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the
good things of Egypt, and ten she asses laden with corn and bread
and meat for his father by the way.
So he sent his brethren away, and they departed: and he said unto
them, See that ye fall not out by the way.
And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of Canaan
unto Jacob their father,
and told him, saying, Joseph is yet alive, and he is governor over all
the land of Egypt. And Jacob’s heart fainted, for he believed them
not.
And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto
them: and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry
him, the spirit of Jacob their father revived.
And Israel said, It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive: I will go and
see him before I die.
46
Jacob and His Family in Egypt
And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beersheba, and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac.
And God spake unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said,
Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I.
And he said, I am God, the God of thy father: fear not to go down
into Egypt; for I will there make of thee a great nation.
I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring
thee up again: and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes.
And Jacob rose up from Beer-sheba: and the sons of Israel carried
Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the
wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten
in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed
with him:
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his sons, and his sons’ sons with him, his daughters, and his sons’
daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt.
¶ And these are the names of the children of Israel, which came
into Egypt, Jacob and his sons: Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn.
And the sons of Reuben; Hanoch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and
Carmi.
And the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin,
and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman.
And the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and
Zarah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons
of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Issachar; Tola, and Phuvah, and Job, and Shimron.
And the sons of Zebulun; Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel.
These be the sons of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob in Padanaram, with his daughter Dinah: all the souls of his sons and his
daughters were thirty and three.
And the sons of Gad; Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and Ezbon, Eri,
and Arodi, and Areli.
And the sons of Asher; Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah,
and Serah their sister: and the sons of Beriah; Heber, and Malchiel.
These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his
daughter; and these she bare unto Jacob, even sixteen souls.
The sons of Rachel Jacob’s wife; Joseph, and Benjamin.
And unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and
Ephraim, which Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On
bare unto him.
And the sons of Benjamin were Belah, and Becher, and Ashbel,
Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and
Ard.
These are the sons of Rachel, which were born to Jacob: all the
souls were fourteen.
And the sons of Dan; Hushim.
And the sons of Naphtali; Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and
Shillem.
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These are the sons of Bilhah, which Laban gave unto Rachel his
daughter, and she bare these unto Jacob: all the souls were seven.
All the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, which came out of
his loins, besides Jacob’s sons’ wives, all the souls were threescore
and six;
and the sons of Joseph, which were borne him in Egypt, were two
souls: all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into Egypt,
were threescore and ten.
¶ And he sent Judah before him unto Joseph, to direct his face unto
Goshen; and they came into the land of Goshen.
And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his
father, to Goshen, and presented himself unto him; and he fell on
his neck, and wept on his neck a good while.
And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, since I have seen thy
face, because thou art yet alive.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father’s house, I
will go up, and show Pharaoh, and say unto him, My brethren, and
my father’s house, which were in the land of Canaan, are come unto
me;
and the men are shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle;
and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that
they have.
And it shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall
say, What is your occupation?
That ye shall say, Thy servants’ trade hath been about cattle from
our youth even until now, both we, and also our fathers: that ye
may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an
abomination unto the Egyptians.
47
Then Joseph came and told Pharaoh, and said, My father and my
brethren, and their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have,
are come out of the land of Canaan; and, behold, they are in the
land of Goshen.
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And he took some of his brethren, even five men, and presented
them unto Pharaoh.
And Pharaoh said unto his brethren, What is your occupation? And
they said unto Pharaoh, Thy servants are shepherds, both we, and
also our fathers.
They said moreover unto Pharaoh, For to sojourn in the land are
we come; for thy servants have no pasture for their flocks; for the
famine is sore in the land of Canaan: now therefore, we pray thee,
let thy servants dwell in the land of Goshen.
And Pharaoh spake unto Joseph, saying, Thy father and thy
brethren are come unto thee:
the land of Egypt is before thee; in the best of the land make thy
father and brethren to dwell; in the land of Goshen let them dwell:
and if thou knowest any men of activity among them, then make
them rulers over my cattle.
¶ And Joseph brought in Jacob his father, and set him before
Pharaoh: and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.
And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou?
And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my
pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the
days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the
days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their
pilgrimage.
And Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went out from before Pharaoh.
And Joseph placed his father and his brethren, and gave them a
possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land
of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.
And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his
father’s household, with bread, according to their families.
¶ And there was no bread in all the land; for the famine was very
sore, so that the land of Egypt and all the land of Canaan fainted by
reason of the famine.
And Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of
Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, for the corn which they bought:
and Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh’s house.
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And when money failed in the land of Egypt, and in the land of
Canaan, all the Egyptians came unto Joseph, and said, Give us
bread: for why should we die in thy presence? for the money
faileth.
And Joseph said, Give your cattle; and I will give you for your
cattle, if money fail.
And they brought their cattle unto Joseph: and Joseph gave them
bread in exchange for horses, and for the flocks, and for the cattle of
the herds, and for the asses; and he fed them with bread for all their
cattle for that year.
When that year was ended, they came unto him the second year,
and said unto him, We will not hide it from my lord, how that our
money is spent; my lord also hath our herds of cattle; there is not
aught left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands:
wherefore shall we die before thine eyes, both we and our land?
buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants
unto Pharaoh: and give us seed, that we may live, and not die, that
the land be not desolate.
¶ And Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh; for the
Egyptians sold every man his field, because the famine prevailed
over them: so the land became Pharaoh’s.
And as for the people, he removed them to cities from one end of
the borders of Egypt even to the other end thereof.
Only the land of the priests bought he not; for the priests had a
portion assigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their portion which
Pharaoh gave them: wherefore they sold not their lands.
Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this
day and your land for Pharaoh: lo, here is seed for you, and ye shall
sow the land.
And it shall come to pass in the increase, that ye shall give the fifth
part unto Pharaoh, and four parts shall be your own, for seed of the
field, and for your food, and for them of your households, and for
food for your little ones.
And they said, Thou hast saved our lives: let us find grace in the
sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh’s servants.
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And Joseph made it a law over the land of Egypt unto this day, that
Pharaoh should have the fifth part; except the land of the priests
only, which became not Pharaoh’s.
¶ And Israel dwelt in the land of Egypt, in the country of Goshen;
and they had possessions therein, and grew, and multiplied
exceedingly.
And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the whole
age of Jacob was a hundred forty and seven years.
¶ And the time drew nigh that Israel must die: and he called his son
Joseph, and said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight,
put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh, and deal kindly and
truly with me; bury me not, I pray thee, in Egypt:
but I will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt,
and bury me in their buryingplace. And he said, I will do as thou
hast said.
And he said, Swear unto me. And he sware unto him. And Israel
bowed himself upon the bed’s head.
48
Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh
And it came to pass after these things, that one told Joseph, Behold,
thy father is sick: and he took with him his two sons, Manasseh and
Ephraim.
And one told Jacob, and said, Behold, thy son Joseph cometh unto
thee: and Israel strengthened himself, and sat upon the bed.
And Jacob said unto Joseph, God Almighty appeared unto me at
Luz in the land of Canaan, and blessed me,
and said unto me, Behold, I will make thee fruitful, and multiply
thee, and I will make of thee a multitude of people; and will give
this land to thy seed after thee for an everlasting possession.
And now thy two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born
unto thee in the land of Egypt, before I came unto thee into Egypt,
are mine; as Reuben and Simeon, they shall be mine.
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And thy issue, which thou begettest after them, shall be thine, and
shall be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance.
And as for me, when I came from Padan, Rachel died by me in the
land of Canaan in the way, when yet there was but a little way to
come unto Ephrath: and I buried her there in the way of Ephrath;
the same is Bethlehem.
¶ And Israel beheld Joseph’s sons, and said, Who are these?
And Joseph said unto his father, They are my sons, whom God hath
given me in this place. And he said, Bring them, I pray thee, unto
me, and I will bless them.
Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.
And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and
embraced them.
And Israel said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and,
lo, God hath showed me also thy seed.
And Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he
bowed himself with his face to the earth.
And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward
Israel’s left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s
right hand, and brought them near unto him.
And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim’s
head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh’s
head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn.
And he blessed Joseph, and said,
God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk,
the God which fed me all my life long unto this day,
the angel which redeemed me from all evil,
bless the lads;
and let my name be named on them,
and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac;
and let them grow into a multitude
in the midst of the earth.
¶ And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the
head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father’s
hand, to remove it from Ephraim’s head unto Manasseh’s head.
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And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this is the
firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head.
And his father refused, and said, I know it, my son, I know it: he
also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his
younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become
a multitude of nations.
And he blessed them that day, saying,
In thee shall Israel bless, saying,
God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh:
and he set Ephraim before Manasseh.
And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die; but God shall be with
you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers.
Moreover I have given to thee one portion above thy brethren,
which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and
with my bow.
49
Jacob’s Prophecy concerning His Sons
And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves
together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last
days.
Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob;
and hearken unto Israel your father.
Reuben, thou art my firstborn,
my might, and the beginning of my strength,
the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:
unstable as water, thou shalt not excel;
because thou wentest up to thy father’s bed;
then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.
Simeon and Levi are brethren;
instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.
O my soul, come not thou into their secret;
unto their assembly, mine honor, be not thou united:
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for in their anger they slew a man,
and in their self-will they digged down a wall.
Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce;
and their wrath, for it was cruel:
I will divide them in Jacob,
and scatter them in Israel.
Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise:
thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies;
thy father’s children shall bow down before thee.
Judah is a lion’s whelp:
from the prey, my son, thou art gone up:
he stooped down, he couched as a lion,
and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?
The sceptre shall not depart from Judah,
nor a lawgiver from between his feet,
until Shiloh come;
and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.
Binding his foal unto the vine,
and his ass’s colt unto the choice vine;
he washed his garments in wine,
and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
his eyes shall be red with wine,
and his teeth white with milk.
Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea;
and he shall be for a haven of ships;
and his border shall be unto Zidon.
Issachar is a strong ass
couching down between two burdens:
and he saw that rest was good,
and the land that it was pleasant;
and bowed his shoulder to bear,
and became a servant unto tribute.
Dan shall judge his people,
as one of the tribes of Israel.
Dan shall be a serpent by the way,
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an adder in the path,
that biteth the horse heels,
so that his rider shall fall backward.
I have waited for thy salvation, O Lord.
Gad, a troop shall overcome him:
but he shall overcome at the last.
Out of Asher his bread shall be fat,
and he shall yield royal dainties.
Naphtali is a hind let loose:
he giveth goodly words.
Joseph is a fruitful bough,
even a fruitful bough by a well;
whose branches run over the wall:
the archers have sorely grieved him,
and shot at him, and hated him:
but his bow abode in strength,
and the arms of his hands were made strong
by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob;
(from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel;)
even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee;
and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee
with blessings of heaven above,
blessings of the deep that lieth under,
blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:
the blessings of thy father have prevailed
above the blessings of my progenitors
unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills:
they shall be on the head of Joseph,
and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his
brethren.
Benjamin shall raven as a wolf:
in the morning he shall devour the prey,
and at night he shall divide the spoil.
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The Death and Burial of Jacob
¶ All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their
father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to
his blessing he blessed them.
And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered
unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the
field of Ephron the Hittite,
in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before
Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the
field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace.
There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried
Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.
The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from
the children of Heth.
And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he
gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was
gathered unto his people.
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And Joseph fell upon his father’s face, and wept upon him, and
kissed him.
And Joseph commanded his servants the physicians to embalm his
father: and the physicians embalmed Israel.
And forty days were fulfilled for him; for so are fulfilled the days of
those which are embalmed: and the Egyptians mourned for him
threescore and ten days.
¶ And when the days of his mourning were past, Joseph spake unto
the house of Pharaoh, saying, If now I have found grace in your
eyes, speak, I pray you, in the ears of Pharaoh, saying,
My father made me swear, saying, Lo, I die: in my grave which I
have digged for me in the land of Canaan, there shalt thou bury
me. Now therefore let me go up, I pray thee, and bury my father,
and I will come again.
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And Pharaoh said, Go up, and bury thy father, according as he
made thee swear.
And Joseph went up to bury his father: and with him went up all
the servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house, and all the elders
of the land of Egypt,
and all the house of Joseph, and his brethren, and his father’s
house: only their little ones, and their flocks, and their herds, they
left in the land of Goshen.
And there went up with him both chariots and horsemen: and it
was a very great company.
And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond
Jordan; and there they mourned with a great and very sore
lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
And when the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the
mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, This is a grievous
mourning to the Egyptians: wherefore the name of it was called
Abel-mizraim [the mourning of the Egyptians], which is beyond
Jordan.
And his sons did unto him according as he commanded them:
for his sons carried him into the land of Canaan, and buried him in
the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought with
the field for a possession of a buryingplace of Ephron the Hittite,
before Mamre.
And Joseph returned into Egypt, he, and his brethren, and all that
went up with him to bury his father, after he had buried his father.
The Death of Joseph
¶ And when Joseph’s brethren saw that their father was dead, they
said, Joseph will peradventure hate us, and will certainly requite us
all the evil which we did unto him.
And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, saying, Thy father did
command before he died, saying,
So shall ye say unto Joseph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of
thy brethren, and their sin; for they did unto thee evil: and now,
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we pray thee, forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy
father. And Joseph wept when they spake unto him.
And his brethren also went and fell down before his face; and they
said, Behold, we be thy servants.
And Joseph said unto them, Fear not: for am I in the place of God?
But as for you, ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto
good, to bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive.
Now therefore fear ye not: I will nourish you, and your little ones.
And he comforted them, and spake kindly unto them.
¶ And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he, and his father’s house: and Joseph
lived a hundred and ten years.
And Joseph saw Ephraim’s children of the third generation: the
children also of Machir the son of Manasseh were brought up upon
Joseph’s knees.
And Joseph said unto his brethren, I die; and God will surely visit
you, and bring you out of this land unto the land which he sware to
Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
And Joseph took an oath of the children of Israel, saying, God will
surely visit you, and ye shall carry up my bones from hence.
So Joseph died, being a hundred and ten years old: and they
embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.
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The Second Book of Moses, Called
Exodus
[Exodus]
1
The Affliction of the Israelites in Egypt
Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into
Egypt; every man and his household came with Jacob.
Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,
Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,
Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy
souls: for Joseph was in Egypt already.
And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly,
and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was
filled with them.
¶ Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not
Joseph.
And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of
Israel are more and mightier than we:
come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it
come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also
unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of
the land.
Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with
their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom
and Raamses.
But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and
grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor:
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and they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in mortar, and
in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service,
wherein they made them serve, was with rigor.
¶ And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which
the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah;
and he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew
women, and see them upon the stools, if it be a son, then ye shall kill
him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.
But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt
commanded them, but saved the men children alive.
And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them,
Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children
alive?
And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women
are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are
delivered ere the midwives come in unto them.
Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people
multiplied, and waxed very mighty.
And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he
made them houses.
And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born
ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.
2
The Birth of Moses
And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a
daughter of Levi.
And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him
that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.
And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark
of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the
child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river’s brink.
And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.
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And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the
river; and her maidens walked along by the river’s side: and when
she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it.
And when she had opened it, she saw the child: and, behold, the
babe wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of
the Hebrews’ children.
Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call to thee
a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for
thee?
And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go. And the maid went and
called the child’s mother.
And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take this child away, and
nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took
the child, and nursed it.
And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter,
and he became her son. And she called his name Moses [drawn
out]: and she said, Because I drew him out of the water.
Moses Flees from Egypt
¶ And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he
went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he
spied an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew, one of his brethren.
And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there
was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.
And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the
Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong,
Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?
And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us?
intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses
feared, and said, Surely this thing is known.
Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses.
¶ But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of
Midian: and he sat down by a well.
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Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and
drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
And the shepherds came and drove them away: but Moses stood up
and helped them, and watered their flock.
And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How is it that ye
are come so soon today?
And they said, An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the
shepherds, and also drew water enough for us, and watered the
flock.
And he said unto his daughters, And where is he? why is it that ye
have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.
And Moses was content to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses
Zipporah his daughter.
And she bare him a son, and he called his name Gershom [a stranger
there]: for he said, I have been a stranger in a strange land.
¶ And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt
died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage,
and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the
bondage.
And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant
with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect
unto them.
3
The Call of Moses
Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of
Midian: and he led the flock to the back side of the desert, and
came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a flame of fire out
of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned
with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
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And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why
the bush is not burnt.
And when the Lord saw that he turned aside to see, God called
unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And
he said, Here am I.
And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy
feet; for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham,
the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for
he was afraid to look upon God.
¶ And the Lord said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people
which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their
taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the
Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land
and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the
place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the
Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come
unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the
Egyptians oppress them.
Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou
mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto
Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of
Egypt?
And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token
unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the
people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
¶ And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children
of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath
sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what
shall I say unto them?
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And God said unto Moses, I am that I am: and he said, Thus
shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I am hath sent me unto
you.
And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the
children of Israel, The Lord God of your fathers, the God of
Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me
unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all
generations.
Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, The
Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of
Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen
that which is done to you in Egypt:
and I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt
unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the
Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites,
unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and
the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto
him, The Lord God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let
us go, we beseech thee, three days’ journey into the wilderness, that
we may sacrifice to the Lord our God.
And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by
a mighty hand.
And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my
wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will
let you go.
And I will give this people favor in the sight of the Egyptians: and it
shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:
but every woman shall borrow of her neighbor, and of her that
sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and
raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your
daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.
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4
And Moses answered and said, But, behold, they will not believe
me, nor hearken unto my voice: for they will say, The Lord hath
not appeared unto thee.
And the Lord said unto him, What is that in thine hand? And he
said, A rod.
And he said, Cast it on the ground. And he cast it on the ground,
and it became a serpent; and Moses fled from before it.
And the Lord said unto Moses, Put forth thine hand, and take it
by the tail. And he put forth his hand, and caught it, and it became
a rod in his hand:
that they may believe that the Lord God of their fathers, the God
of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared
unto thee.
And the Lord said furthermore unto him, Put now thine hand
into thy bosom. And he put his hand into his bosom: and when he
took it out, behold, his hand was leprous as snow.
And he said, Put thine hand into thy bosom again. And he put his
hand into his bosom again; and plucked it out of his bosom, and,
behold, it was turned again as his other flesh.
And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither
hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice
of the latter sign.
And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe also these two
signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, that thou shalt take of the
water of the river, and pour it upon the dry land: and the water
which thou takest out of the river shall become blood upon the dry
land.
¶ And Moses said unto the Lord, O my Lord, I am not eloquent,
neither heretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy servant;
but I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.
And the Lord said unto him, Who hath made man’s mouth? or
who maketh the dumb, or deaf, or the seeing, or the blind? have
not I the Lord?
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Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee
what thou shalt say.
And he said, O my Lord, send, I pray thee, by the hand of him whom
thou wilt send.
And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Moses, and he said,
Is not Aaron the Levite thy brother? I know that he can speak well.
And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee: and when he seeth
thee, he will be glad in his heart.
And thou shalt speak unto him, and put words in his mouth: and I
will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you
what ye shall do.
And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people: and he shall be,
even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou shalt be to him
instead of God.
And thou shalt take this rod in thine hand, wherewith thou shalt
do signs.
Moses Returns to Egypt
¶ And Moses went and returned to Jethro his father-in-law, and
said unto him, Let me go, I pray thee, and return unto my brethren
which are in Egypt, and see whether they be yet alive. And Jethro
said to Moses, Go in peace.
And the Lord said unto Moses in Midian, Go, return into Egypt:
for all the men are dead which sought thy life.
And Moses took his wife and his sons, and set them upon an ass,
and he returned to the land of Egypt: and Moses took the rod of
God in his hand.
¶ And the Lord said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into
Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I
have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall
not let the people go.
And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the Lord, Israel is my
son, even my firstborn:
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and I say unto thee, Let my son go, that he may serve me: and if
thou refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay thy son, even thy
firstborn.
¶ And it came to pass by the way in the inn, that the Lord met
him, and sought to kill him.
Then Zipporah took a sharp stone, and cut off the foreskin of her
son, and cast it at his feet, and said, Surely a bloody husband art
thou to me.
So he let him go: then she said, A bloody husband thou art, because
of the circumcision.
¶ And the Lord said to Aaron, Go into the wilderness to meet
Moses. And he went, and met him in the mount of God, and kissed
him.
And Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord who had sent
him, and all the signs which he had commanded him.
And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of
the children of Israel:
and Aaron spake all the words which the Lord had spoken unto
Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people.
And the people believed: and when they heard that the Lord had
visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon their
affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshipped.
5
Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh
And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus
saith the Lord God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold
a feast unto me in the wilderness.
And Pharaoh said, Who is the Lord, that I should obey his voice to
let Israel go? I know not the Lord, neither will I let Israel go.
And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go,
we pray thee, three days’ journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto
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the Lord our God; lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the
sword.
And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and
Aaron, let the people from their works? get you unto your burdens.
And Pharaoh said, Behold, the people of the land now are many,
and ye make them rest from their burdens.
And Pharaoh commanded the same day the taskmasters of the
people, and their officers, saying,
Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore:
let them go and gather straw for themselves.
And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall
lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof: for they be idle;
therefore they cry, saying, Let us go and sacrifice to our God.
Let there more work be laid upon the men, that they may labor
therein; and let them not regard vain words.
¶ And the taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers,
and they spake to the people, saying, Thus saith Pharaoh, I will not
give you straw.
Go ye, get you straw where ye can find it: yet not aught of your
work shall be diminished.
So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of
Egypt to gather stubble instead of straw.
And the taskmasters hasted them, saying, Fulfil your works, your
daily tasks, as when there was straw.
And the officers of the children of Israel, which Pharaoh’s
taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded,
Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your task in making brick both
yesterday and today, as heretofore?
¶ Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto
Pharaoh, saying, Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants?
There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us, Make
brick: and, behold, thy servants are beaten; but the fault is in thine
own people.
But he said, Ye are idle, ye are idle: therefore ye say, Let us go and do
sacrifice to the Lord.
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Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you,
yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks.
And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were in
evil case, after it was said, Ye shall not minish aught from your
bricks of your daily task.
And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they
came forth from Pharaoh:
and they said unto them, The Lord look upon you, and judge;
because ye have made our savor to be abhorred in the eyes of
Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their
hand to slay us.
The Lord’s Charge to Moses and Aaron
¶ And Moses returned unto the Lord, and said, Lord, wherefore
hast thou so evil entreated this people? why is it that thou hast sent
me?
For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in thy name, he hath done evil
to this people; neither hast thou delivered thy people at all.
6
Then the Lord said unto Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do
to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall he let them go, and with a
strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.
¶ And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, I am the Lord:
and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the
name of God Almighty; but by my name Jehovah was I not known
to them.
And I have also established my covenant with them, to give them
the land of Canaan, the land of their pilgrimage, wherein they were
strangers.
And I have also heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom
the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered my
covenant.
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Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I am the Lord, and I
will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I
will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a
stretched out arm, and with great judgments:
and I will take you to me for a people, and I will be to you a God:
and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God, which bringeth
you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
And I will bring you in unto the land, concerning the which I did
swear to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it
you for a heritage: I am the Lord.
And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened
not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
¶ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of
Israel go out of his land.
And Moses spake before the Lord, saying, Behold, the children of
Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear
me, who am of uncircumcised lips?
And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a
charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt,
to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
¶ These be the heads of their fathers’ houses: The sons of Reuben
the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi:
these be th